January 1999 B io Factsheet Example glucose fructose galactose Number 39 Carbohydrates: Revision Summary Carbohydrates contain 3 elements: Carbon (C)‚ Hydrogen (H) and Oxygen (O). Thus‚ if we remove water from carbohydrates‚ all that remains is carbon. Carbohydrates can be divided into 3 categories; monosaccharides‚ disaccharides and polysaccharides (Table 1). Table 1. Structure of monosaccharides‚ disaccharides and polysaccharides Category Monosaccharide (made of 1 sugar molecule)
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Intro: Carbohydrate‚ any of a large group of compounds in which hydrogen and oxygen‚ in the proportions in which they exist in water‚ are combined with carbon; the formula of most of these compounds may be expressed as Cn(H2O)n. Structurally‚ however‚ these compounds are not hydrates of carbon‚ as the formula would seem to indicate. Carbohydrates‚ as a class‚ are the most abundant organic compounds found in nature. They are produced by green plants and by bacteria using the process known as photosynthesis
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tionStudent Name: Laura Scott Student Number: C11356616 Lab Partners Name: Charlotte Weir Experiment Name: Yeast Fermentation Experiment Date: 2nd and 9th November 2011 Submission Date: 23rd November 2011 Title Yeast Fermentation Purpose To allow for fermentation of the yeast‚ Saccharomyces Cerevisiae‚ in Grape and Apple juice. Materials provided Test-tube containing Grape juice and a Durham tube Test-tube containing Apple juice and a Durham tube Plate culture of the yeast
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Carbohydrates H2SO4 acts as dehydrating agent forming furfural derivatives which interact with alpha-naphthol librating a violet layered compound Test | Molisch test | Objective | A general test for all carbohydrates. Monosaccharides give a rapid positive test. Disaccharides and polysaccharides react slower. | Principle involved | Dehydration of the carbohydrate by concentrated sulfuric acid to produce an aldehyde | Reagent | H2SO4 | Positive results | a purple-black layer/violet ring
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There are more than one forms of fermentation; yeast fermentation is probably the most common method. This process is used in many everyday products today. Yeast was first discovered in 1676‚ but was used before. It has also led to numerous scientific advances. Yeast expands‚ especially well with a good amount of sugar‚ the more of the amount the greater it expands. Yeast is a single-celled organism‚ a fungus to be more specific. They consume carbohydrates‚ mainly sugars‚ and produce carbon dioxide
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The structural features of carbohydrates account for the fact that a wide variety of polysaccharides exist is pentoses and hexoses. The examples of pentose are ribose‚ deoxyribose‚ ribulose and xylulose. The examples of hexose are glucose which is found in fruits‚ fructose which is found in milk and galactose which is found in honey. Both pentoses and hexoses are mostly found in monosaccharides. They are the most simplest sugar which cannot be futher hydrolysed into smaller units. They contain
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Fermentation Lab: Conclusion & Evaluation of the Effect of Type of Carbohydrate on Amount of CO2 Produced IB Biology/Topic: 3.7 05 February 2013 Question: Which type of carbohydrate‚ glucose‚ sucrose‚ or starch‚ will produce the greatest amount of fermentation over the class period? Why? Hypothesis: If the carbohydrate starch is added to the set up of yeast‚ then it will create the greatest amount of fermentation because starch is a polysaccharides
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percentage of sugar will produce more fermentation. The original purpose of this experiment was to determine the amount of fermentation of 3 different fruit juices after adding a certain amount of yeast. By measuring the type of fruit juice (independent variable) the amount of fermentation as shown by the reduction of sugar (dependent variable).My hypothesis my hypothesis is that the fruit juice with a higher percentage of sugar will produce more fermentation. The experimental results supported my
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This project’s purpose is to find the effects of UV light on Staphylococcus epidermidis‚ furthermore recognized as staph infection. Staph infection is an infection usually acquired on the skin that can promote fever‚ nausea‚ pain‚ boils‚ and can lead to MRSA‚ which can lead to death. Because there is no cure for staph infection‚ this experiment called for research on clinical trials. A clinical trial was established that used blue light therapy to delay and kill the growth of staph infection. Coincidentally
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Design: Investigation of Fermentation Introduction Introduction Yeast (Saccharomyces)is a single-celled microorganism in the Fungi family. It anaerobically respires sugars to produce ATP‚ as well as the waste products ethanol and carbon dioxide gas. This process is known as fermentation. There are various factors that affect the rate at which yeast respires. Aim To investigate the effect of concentration of table salt (sodium chloride) on the rate of fermentation of sucrose using yeast‚ measured
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