Introduction Genetics is the study of units of heredity. Genes determine almost everything about what makes humans humans and genes are passed from parent to offspring‚ because genes have a strong influence on all organisms. Genetics a very broad scientific discipline and the father of genetics is Gregor Mendel. Gregor Mendel studies how genes were inherited in pea plants by crossbreeding thousands of those and discovering their patterns and characteristics. In 20th century the technology has advanced
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Introduction/Background c-Myb has long been known as a factor of many leukemias and lymphomas in mammals and birds. Vertebrates possess 3 forms of the Myb gene‚ A-Myb‚ B-Myb‚ and c-Myb‚ whereas Drosophila melanogaster‚ however‚ only possess one copy of the Myb gene‚ Dm-Myb‚ which results in fatality before reaching adulthood (Manak‚ Mikitu‚ Lipsick‚ 2002). Myb has also been shown to be required for the proper activation of G2/M cell cycle genes (Georlette et al.‚ 2007). The results of several other
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Maurice Wilkins has been one of the greatest contributors to DNA discovery‚ studying DNA molecules with the help of specialized microscopes‚ Wilkins and other scientists have given way to the discovery and deepening of the three-dimensional structure of DNA. Wilkin’s ambition and desire for knowledge led him to investigate more into the aspects of DNA looking for its functioning and profound understanding. Along with Rosalind Franklin and James Watson‚ under an analysis and research project‚ DNA
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What does the suffix -opathy mean? What is a proteinopathy? The suffix -othapy denotes a disease or disorder. A proteinopathy is any disease caused by a malformed protein. 2. Where are tau proteins found? What do they do here? Tau proteins are found inside of nerve cells. Tau proteins perform the function of stabilizing microtubules. 3. What is an isoform? How many tau isoforms are there in the brain? An isoform is a protein that has the same function as another protein but is encoded by a different
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Eukaryotes Basal level - Low level of transcription Activators - Gene specific transcription factors Enhancers - Regulatory sequences that augment transcription Silencers - Regulatory sequences that diminish transcription Initiator - RNA polymerase II - Promoter‚ together with TATA (TFIID) *Looping enhances transcription Transcription-coupled Repair (TCR) - DNA repair mechanism Response Elements - Enhancers that respond to metabolic factors - Ex. Heat-shock element (HSE)
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does RNA play a role similar to enzymes? RNA is like an enzyme when it is a catalyst and helps assist in the reduction of the activation energy which relates to tRNA when it attaches its amino acid to the rightful place. This helps construe a faster translation. 3. Are all genes expressed at all times? Explain your
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transcription. A. Begins when RNA polymerase binds to promoter B. RNA polymerase moves along DNA‚ adding complimentary ribonucleotides‚ until the end of the gene is reached C. RNA polymerase can only add to the 3’ end D. Transcription occurs in the 5’ to 3’ direction E. An RNA transcript is the end result F. All three types of RNA are transcribed from DNA Name 3 classes of RNA and their function. Ribosomal RNA‚ which is the site of protein synthesis. Transfer RNA‚ which transports the correct
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genetic information to produce proteins. Transription generates 3 kinds of RNA. Transfer RNA(tRNA) carries amino acid during protein synthesis‚ ribosomal RNA molecules come together to form ribosomes while mRNA bears the message for protein synthesis. In bacteria‚ mRNA often carries coding information of more than 1 gene therefore it is said to be polycistronic (DIAGRAM). MRNA is synthesized under the direction of DNA by RNA polymerase. This polymerase in its core enzyme form has 5 subunits. A 6th
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Biochemistry of Proteins; Isolation of Ovalbumin and Enumeration of thiol groups Abstract Thiol groups are important to protein folding and forming disulphide bonds that are essential to protein structure. Determining the number of thiol groups in a protein is important in determining the tertiary structure of the protein. The ovalbumin is the experiment was purified from egg white using centrifugation and ammonium sulphate precipitation and then the thiol groups identified using DTNB and spectroscopy
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The Ted Talk video entitled “Animations of Unseeable Biology” describes the process of DNA replication. As the speaker Drew Berry explains‚ this process is repeatedly occurring and is performed mechanically. He provides us an animation of how a chromosome is replicated and split with the help of microtubules. Microtubules are straight tubes that are made up of proteins and it resides within a cell. This hollow tube allows the mitosis phase to occur. The copying of DNA is transported across the microtubules
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