also the RNA which copies sections of the DNA molecule and carries the copies outside of the nucleus. DNA and RNA are different in ways. One way is that DNA is double stranded and RNA is single stranded. Another way is that DNA contains thymine and RNA contains nitrogenous base uracil. Transcription is used to produce complementary mRNA molecule. Transcription uses the enzyme called RNA polymerase. The transcription process occurs inside the nucleus in a eukaryotic cell. First the RNA polymerase
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Allison hernandez Yañez Grupo 2 A0141117 3 September 2014 A) Why is Carbon important? What makes Carbon so unique? 1.-Because this element have four valence electrons B) What are macromolecules? What is a monomer? What is a polymer? What is polymerization? 2.- A macromolecule is a very large molecule commonly created by polymerization of smaller subunits. In biochemistry‚ the term is applied to the three conventional biopolymers (nucleic acids‚ proteins‚ and carbohydrates)‚as well as non-polymeric
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MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF DNA AND RNA •Adapted from Chapter 9 in Genetics: Analysis and Principles (Robert J. Brooker) Copyright ©The McGraw-Hill Companies‚ Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display IDENTIFICATION OF DNA AS THE GENETIC MATERIAL • To fulfill its role‚ the genetic material must meet several criteria – 1. Information: It must contain the information necessary to make an entire organism – 2. Transmission: It must be passed from parent to offspring – 3. Replication:
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Protein synthesis occurs in two steps : Transcription and Translation. Transcription is the process of creating an mRNA copy of a DNA template; the mRNA is then translated into protein. The Messenger RNA (mRNA) contains the genetic information is copied from DNA during transcription . During translation‚ ribosomes synthesize the proteins using the mRNA copy produced during transcription. Proteins are complex molecules that each has a very unique shape‚ structure and function. The shape of the
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second strand that lies below the coding strand is called the template strand. In order for a RNA polymerase to go from the upper strand to the second strand it must go through the process called transcription. First‚ the RNA polymerase must attach on to one of the genes on the coding strand on DNA. Once the RNA polymerase attaches‚ it must then begin the process called initiation. This means that the RNA polymerase opens up both strands of DNA in order for mRNA synthesis to begin as it moves down
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Conclusion 3.2.1 1 Describe how the DNA code is translated into messenger RNA. DNA is translated into messenger RNA through transcription and translation. DNA is split through transcription and then it is translated to match into RNA. 2 How is the RNA molecule a “script” for the protein production process? RNA is a script for the protein production process because they set the RNA up to translate into a protein. 3 What is the function of hemoglobin in the body? Hemoglobin functions in the body by
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process of creating an equivalent RNA copy of a sequence of DNA Transcription is the first step leading to gene expression. The stretch of DNA transcribed into an RNA molecule is called a transcription unit and encodes at least one gene. Occurs in nucleus of the cell Translation: Translation is the production of proteins by decoding mRNA produced in transcription. Translation occurs in the cytoplasm where the ribosomes are located. In translation‚ messenger RNA (mRNA) is decoded to produce a specific
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The nucleolus (plural nucleoli) is a non-membrane bound structure. Composed of proteins and nucleic acids found within the nucleus. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is transcribed and assembled within the nucleolus. Three major components of the nucleolus are recognized: the fibrillar centers (FC)‚ the dense fibrillar components (DFC)‚ and granular components (GC). The DFC consists of newly transcribed rRNA bound to ribosomal proteins‚ while the GC‚ contains rRNA bound to ribosomal proteins that are beginning
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in mammals by RNA interference is called Gene Knockdown. Gene Knockdown occurs by Messenger RNA (mRNA) being targeted so that it can no longer carry out its normal function. This happens by double stranded RNA (dsRNA) being introduced to the selected cell. The dsRNA then begins producing small interfering RNA (siRNA) which bind to the mRNA product of the target gene‚ and make it inactive. Double stranded RNA makes the targeted gene inactive by binding to an Argonaute protein. The RNA strand and Argonaute
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another kind of nucleic acid called Ribonucleic Acid. RNA is an imitation for DNA‚ and like all imitations it is not a perfect replica so therefore it has small differences‚ and these small differences house the properties and opportunities for mutations and therefore it causes evolution‚ which allows us to adapt to our environment. I also learned the specifics of the passing of genetic material from parents to offspring. This is done through RNA‚ which can create some slight confusion because the
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