Pre-Reading Notes (Very Short Introduction - Chapter 5; Fundamentals of Forensic Science – Chapter 11): • Red and white cell blood antigens are polymorphic: they exist in more than one form and everyone inherits one or more forms of each of them • A successful DNA profile makes it possible to reach a conclusion that a DNA sample came from a specific individual‚ giving law enforcement and forensic science a new‚ powerful identification tool that complements fingerprints and other methods of identification
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aging. This experiment was intended by the authors to deduce how autophagy genes affect life span on Caenorhabditis elegans with other longevity pathways and mechanisms. In this study‚ the authors used wild type C. elegans and mutant C. elegans by RNA interference to generate clones. They used different techniques of epistasis‚ life span analysis‚ electron microscopy‚ age pigment measurement‚ and behavioral assay and obtained results correlating to various life-enhancing cellular pathways. Many
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ZOOL 1 Lecture 3 1 2 ¡ ¡ ¡ ¡ Chemical substances that cannot be broken down to simpler forms by ordinary chemical reactions Atom Atomic number Atomic mass Compound Molecule Macromolecule 3 ¡ ¡ ¡ ELEMENT Oxygen Carbon Hydrogen Nitrogen Calcium Phosphorus Potassium Sulfur
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Provides evidence for Unit 18 D1 Distinction. Describe the process of protein synthesis in your own words‚ including the roles of mRNA and tRNA. You MUST include diagrams to aid in your explanations Messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA)‚ which is like DNA has a unique code that is in a number of different patterns‚ which engages in the sending messages to the structures within the cell. Transfer Ribonucleic Acid (tRNA) is a nucleic acid‚ which is involved in the process of protein synthesis inside
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Protein synthesis is broken up in two two steps: transcription and translation. Transcription starts inside the nucleus when the DNA is unzipped by helicase. Following that‚ the mRNA nucleotides match to their complementary bases using an enzyme called RNA polymerase. Once they are matched‚ the mRNA exits the nucleus and goes to a ribosome in the cytoplasm to begin translation. Translation is the synthesis of a protein using the genetic information encoded in the mRNA. Translation begins when the mRNA
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operon: 5’-TGTTATA-3’ There are 2 nucleotides different that are G and A. Question#3: The lux R‚ which has its own promoter and is transcribed in the opposite direction from the lux operon‚ could not be transcribed from the same strand because the RNA polymerase recognizes a promoter sequence only in the direction of 5’ to 3’‚ and the lux R gets transcribed in the opposite direction from the lux operon. Thus‚ the transcriptions of luxR and lux operon have to occur on two different strands including
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understood that the technology could be modified and used more generally to edit the DNA of any plant or animal. Today CRISPR-Cas9 is a powerful and precise gene editing tool made of two molecules: a protein that cuts DNA (Cas9) and a custom made length of RNA that works like a GPS for locating the
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Lassa Fever: An Old World Arenavirus ABSTRACT A brief summary of lassa fever‚ its history‚ pathology and effects on the indigenous populations. Also‚ lassa fever in the context of newly emerging diseases. LASSA FEVER On January 12‚ 1969‚ a missionary nun‚ working in the small town of Lassa‚ Nigeria‚ began complaining of a backache. Thinking she had merely pulled a muscle‚ she ignored the pain and went on about her business. After a week‚ however‚ the nurse had a throat so sore and so filled
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different three letter words from just the four letters of the genetic alphabet‚ which covers the 20 amino acids easily. This kind of reasoning led to the proposal of a triplet genetic code. Experiments involving in vitro translation of short synthetic RNAs eventually confirmed that the genetic code is indeed a triplet code. The
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3 kinds of RNA? What roles do each play in making proteins? 6. What molecule is read and what molecule is made in transcription? 7. What is a promoter? 8. What are introns? Exons? 9. What molecule is read and what molecule is made in translation? 10. What is the job of RNA polymerase? 11 . What is a codon? An anticodon? -Be able to use an codon table to determine the amino acid sequence if given an mRNA message.- 12. What happens in TRANSLATION? How do the 3 kinds of RNA work together
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