Kluwer Academic Publishers. Printed in the Netherlands. 269 Approximate Wall Boundary Conditions in the Large-Eddy Simulation of High Reynolds Number Flow W. CABOT and P. MOIN Center for Turbulence Research‚ Stanford University‚ Bldg. 500‚ 488 Escondido Mall‚ Stanford‚ CA 94305-3030‚ U.S.A. Abstract. The near-wall regions of high Reynolds numbers turbulent flows must be modelled to treat many practical engineering and aeronautical applications. In this review we examine results from simulations
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Critical Review. Offshore Technology‚ ASME OMAE 1994‚ 1994. Vol. 1 & 2: p. 199 - 255. 4. Blevins‚ R.D.‚ Flow Induced Vibration‚ 2nd Edition‚ 1990‚ Van Nostrand Reinhold Co. 5. W.‚ B.P.‚ On Vortex Shedding from a Circular Cylinder in the Critical Reynolds Number Regime. Fluid Mechanics‚ 1969. Vlo. 37: p. 577-586. 6. O. M. Griffin‚ S.E.R.‚ Some Recent Studies of Vortex Shedding with Application to Marine Tubulars and Risers. Journal of Energy Resources Technology‚ 1982. Vol. 104: p. 2-13. 7. D. Lucor‚
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2 | 3. | Introduction | 2 | 4. | Objective | 3 | 5. | Apparatus | 3 | 6. | Procedure | 4 | 7. | Result | 6 | 8. | Calculation | 10 | 9. | Discussion | 13 | 10. | Conclusion | 14 | 11. | References | 14 | TITLE: H1 – Osborne Reynolds Demonstration INTRODUCTION: Osborne Reynold’s Demonstration has been designed for students experiment on the laminar‚ transition and turbulent flow. It consists of a transparent header tank and a flow visualization pipe. The header tank is provided
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observed more clearly from the water-soluble dye experiment that was carried out by the demonstrator. Laminar flow turns to be turbulent when the Reynolds Number goes above a certain value‚ around 2000. Aims To look at how the pressure drop changes when the average velocity is altered in a circular pipe and to plot a graph of Friction Factor versus Reynolds Number. Another aim is to examine the shift from laminar flow to turbulent flow. Schematic Diagram Water Out Inverted Water-air Manometer Wet-wet
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Osborne Reynolds Demonstration Sayed abbas Mohamed 20104762 03 1. Objective: To reproduce the classical experiments conducted by Professor Osborne Reynolds concerning fluid flow condition. 2. Theory: Reynolds number‚ Re is the internationally recognized criterion denoting fluid flow condition. “ Re = 4Q/ πvd ” Osborn Reynolds determined that values of Re could be assigned to define the transition from laminar to turbulent flow. 3. Apparatus: -Osborne Reynolds apparatus
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1 LIST OF SYMBOLS Symbol Description Unit T Temperature K ΔP Pressure Drop Pa ρ Density kg/m3 µ Kinematic Viscosity N*s/m2 V Bulk Velocity m/s D Diameter m A Area m2 Flow Rate m3/s Re Reynolds Number - f Friction Factor - L Length m 2 CALCULATIONS For the sample calculations‚ we looked at the first sample point of the flow in Pipe 1‚ the smallest diameter smooth copper tube: The first step in determining
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flow rate in a pipe can also be calculated using (eq 2) In this case u is used for velocity‚ Q as volume flow rate and A‚ cross sectional area of the pipe. Reynold’s Number In fluids‚ the Reynolds number (Re) is a dimensionless number which gives a measure of the ratio of inertial forces to viscous forces. The Reynold’s Number is also used to classify laminar and turbulent flow values. When working with pipes that have different
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pipe shows that there are existence of laminar and transitional flows as stated in Graph 2.0 and Graph 2.1. It is proven that the higher velocity along the smooth bore pipe‚ the higher is the head loss of water. As shown in Table 3.0‚ when the Reynolds’ number increases‚ the value of pipe coefficient friction‚ f decreases along the decreasing stead laminar line. On top of that‚ there are energy loss from the water to the surface of the pipe and therefore‚ the temperature increases when velocity‚ flow
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of friction loss in a small-bore horizontal pipe‚ during both laminar and turbulent flow • Directly measures friction loss in a small-bore test pipe • Investigates laminar and turbulent flow and the transition point • Shows the critical Reynolds Number and verifies Poiseuille’s Equation for laminar flow • Includes precision valve for precise flow control and a Header Tank for good laminar flow • Works with TecQuipment’s Volumetric or Gravimetric Hydraulic Benches (H1 or H1D) for easy installation
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The objective : 1. To determine the head loss and friction factor for laminar & turbulent flow in a smooth pipe over a range of Reynolds’s number . 2. To obtain the following relationships : a. Head loss as a function of the velocity of flow . b. Friction factor as a function of Reynolds number . Theory : The friction resistance to the flow of fluid through a pipe results in a loss of pressure energy for a given fluid flowing a long a given pipe‚ experiments show that for laminar flow
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