Capital Budgeting Rules: NPV‚ IRR‚ Payback‚ Discounted Payback‚ AAR Categories of Plans 1. Replacement Projects: decisions to replace old equipment – those are among the easier of capital budgeting techniques. It is important to decide whether to replace the equipment when it wears out or to invest in repairing the machine. 2. Expansion Projects: These are decisions whether to increase the size of business or not – they are more uncertain than replacement projects. 3. New products and services: These
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Expenditures‚ Revenues‚ and Budgets Expenditures‚ Revenues‚ and Budgets AJS 532 Expenditures‚ Revenue‚ and Budgets Budgeting is an important subfield of public administration (Tyer & Willand‚ 1997). A budget system balances expenditures and revenues (Smith & Lynch‚ 2004). In public budgeting‚ revenues are funded by sources. These such sources are fees and special assessment‚ lotteries‚ and public‚ and other miscellaneous revenue. Another important factor of budgeting is the
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MODULE 9 CAPITAL BUDGETING THEORIES: Basic Concepts Decision Making Process 2. The first step in the decision-making process is to A. determine and evaluate possible courses of action. B. identify the problem and assign responsibility. C. make a decision. D. review results of the decision. Strategic planning 39. Strategic planning is the process of deciding on an organization’ A. minor programs and the approximate resources to be devoted to them B. major programs
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ACCOUNTING: COSTING AND BUDGETING ------------------------------------------------- Amaya Gamage BM/C/43/32 SUBMITTED TO: Mr. Anuruddha Yapa 30.07.2012 Acknowledgement I would like to express my sincere gratitude to those who helped me to finish this project on Costing and Budgeting. I have taken a lot of effort in finishing this assignment successfully. I express my heartfelt gratitude especially to our lecturer of Management Accounting: Costing and Budgeting module Mr. Anuruddha
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AMATH 546/ECON 589 Risk Budgeting Eric Zivot April 10‚ 2012 Outline • Portfolio Calculations • Risk Budgeting • Reverse Optimization and Implied Returns Portfolio Risk Budgeting • Additively decompose (slice and dice) portfolio risk measures into asset contributions • Allow portfolio manager to know sources of asset risk for allocation and hedging purposes • Allow risk manager to evaluate portfolio from asset risk perspective Portfolio Calculations Let 1
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INTRODUCTION “Not only had India….set up his own machinery for oil exploration and exploitation….an efficient oil commission had been build where a large number of bright young men and women had been trained and they were doing good work.” -Pandit Janwarlal Nehru to Lord Mountbatten‚ on ONGC (1959) ONGC Group of Companies comprising of ONGC Limited‚ and its subsidiaries ONGC Videsh Limited (OVL)‚ ONGC Nile Ganga BV (ONGBV) and Mangalore Refinery and Petrochemicals Limited (MRPL) organize
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LIST OF CONTENTS DECLARATION 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 3 LIST OF CONTENTS 4 INTRODUCTION TO CAPITAL BUDGETING 5 CAPITAL BUDGETING PROCESS 7 ORGANIZING CAPITAL BUDGETING PROCESS IN LARGE FIRMS 8 CAPITAL BUDGETING DECISION RULES 9 CAPITAL BUDGETING: EMERGING ISSUES AND TRENDS 12 CRITIQUE 13 CONCLUSION 15 BIBLIOGRAPHY 16 Introduction to Capital Budgeting Indian economy as a whole has largely been insulated against the global economic slowdown‚ the Indian real estate sector though has been seriously
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of techniques of capital budgeting. Some of the methods are based on the concept of incremental cash flows from the projects or potential investments. There are some other techniques of capital budgeting that are based on the accounting rules and accounting earnings. However‚ the techniques based on the accounting rules are considered to be improper by the economists. The hybrid and simplified techniques of capital budgeting are also used in practice. Capital budgeting is the process of managing
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Budgets 379 views «‹›» 1 /67 Profit Planning‚ Activity-Based Budgeting and e-Budgeting by Khaliq Uz Zaman Shaikh on Aug 28‚ 2008 + Follow Like Profit planning 535 views 12‚117 views Profit Planning‚ Activity-Based Budgeting and e-Budgeting More… Like Course02 980 views No comments yet Like Master budget in accounting (mian awais arif) Post Comment 360 views Subscribe to comments Like Budgeting 2 Likes craigallen12 1 year ago 14904 views Like Chapter
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Week 4 Discussion Question 1b Introduction Capital budgeting is one of the most crucial decisions the financial manager of any firm is faced with...Over the years the need for relevant information has inspired several studies that can assist firms to make better decisions. These models are assigned so that they make the best allocation of resources. Early research shows that methods such as payback model was more widely used which is basically just determining the length of time required for the
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