HISTORY OF TAXATION IN GHANA Introduction & Definition of taxation: To tax (from the Latin taxo; "I estimate") is to impose a financial charge or other levy upon a taxpayer (an individual or legal entity) by a state or the functional equivalent of a state such that failure to pay is punishable by law. A tax may be defined as a "pecuniary burden laid upon individuals or property owners to support the government [...] a payment exacted by legislative authority." A tax "is not a voluntary payment
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Chapter 4 The Revenue Cycle Objectives for Chapter 4 • Tasks performed in the revenue cycle‚ regardless of the technology used • The functional departments involved in revenue cycle activities and the flow of revenue transactions through the organization • The documents‚ journals‚ and accounts that provide audit trails‚ promote the maintenance of records‚ support decision making‚ and sustain financial reporting • Risks associated with the revenue cycle and the controls that reduce these risks
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landscape is more competitive and more complicated than ever before. With revenue management’s recognized contribution to the industry and the majority of hoteliers employing revenue management as part of their overall hotel discipline now is the time to focus on core competencies that incorporate both strategic and tactical skills and initiatives. The paper presents a literature review of the key concepts of hotel revenue management (RM) and current state-of-the-art of its theoretical study. The
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The Accounting Cycle Five Cycles of Accounting The accounting cycle consists of five components: revenue‚ expenditures‚ financing‚ conversion‚ and fixed assets (Bagranoff‚ Simkin‚ & Strand‚ 2008). There are many business activities within a company that will take place in each of these cycles. The revenue cycle incorporates sales and cash receipts. Expenditures are the decrease in cash assets to acquire goods or services necessary to operate. The conversion cycle is a continual process that
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Pattern of revenue receipts on revenue account include revenue received in the form of tax and non-tax revenue. On the other hand‚receipts on capital account is composed of loans from themarket‚ aid received from external sources‚ small savings‚state and public provident funds‚ special deposits of nongovernmentprovident funds‚ and special securities. Thus‚the revenue receipts of the governments - centre and states– are part of revenue account and capital receipts are part ofcapital account.
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A: The primary criteria the auditor should use in determining revenue to be recognized are: (1): persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists. (2): Delivery has occurred or services have been rendered. (3): The seller’s price to the buyer is fixed or determinable. (4): Collectability is reasonably assured. The most basic principle for revenue recognition is revenue has been realized or realizable and earned. B: (1) a: Multiple deliverable. Does the software and one year internet service has
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Republic of Vardar Revenue forecasts: Expected Tax Collections PAD 505 June 8‚ 2012 Abstract At independence in November 1991‚ the Republic of Vardar (named after the Vardar River Valley) was the least developed of the Yugoslav republics. Although the poorest of the six former Yugoslav republics‚ the country nevertheless can sustain itself in food and energy needs using its own agricultural and coal resources. From 1998 to 2000 real GDP growth averaged a little
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different rates under various circumstances. This is where revenue management plays an important role; to fill at least a minimum number of rooms without selling every room at discount prices; the idea is to sell enough rooms to cover fixed operating expenses. Once fixed expenses are covered‚ and there are now only fewer remaining rooms to sell‚ they could then sell the remaining rooms at higher rates to maximize revenue and profits. The term revenue management was shortly introduced after the airline
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Costs and Revenues What is cost? If you go to a store and like an item and you want to buy it‚ which of the following questions would you ask: What’s the price of …..? 0R How much does …. cost? Examples of costs – set-up Examples of costs - running Fixed Costs 5000 What happened to the fixed costs if for some reason the company had technical problems and was unable to produce for 2 weeks? What happens if the landlord decided to raise the rent due to high property prices
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1. What are the revenue streams for TechMall? The revenues streams for TechMall include the following: a. Setup Fee Revenue b. Statement Fee Revenue c. Transaction Fee Revenue 2. What drives each of the revenue streams? a. Merchant setups drives the Setup Fee Revenue (Setup Fee Revenue=Merchant setups*$750); b. System merchants drives the Statement Fee Revenue (Statement Fee Revenue=System Merchants*$50); c. Total transactions‚ and Transaction Dollars drives the Transaction Fee
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