1. Why are Socrates‚ Plato‚ and Aristotle usually considered to be the founders of Western philosophical ethics? * Because it was their determination to base ethics on reason‚ rather than on superstition or authority‚ laid the foundation upon which virtually all philosophers who followed would base their ideas and theories about morality. 2. Why do many people consider Socrates to be a martyr for truth and integrity? * Socrates is considered by many to be a martyr for truth and integrity
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value. 2. According to the Divine Command Theory (DCT)‚ does God command what he commands because it is intrinsically good; or is what God commands “good” because it is God who commands it? The Divine Command Theory suggests that what God commands is “good” because He commands it‚ but this view is not necessarily valid. According to the DCT‚ “goodness” is equated with “God-willed‚” suggesting that the commands of God are “good” because they are His commands. A statement such as “God is good”
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accurate because God commands them‚ or does God command them because they are right? The Divine Command Theory plays a very important roll in answering these types of questions‚ however is disproved by the Euthyphro Dilemma. In this essay‚ a plausible argument will be proposed solving the Euthyphro Dilemma‚ but will then be objected for criticism. I will then offer a solution as to why this objection towards the Euthyphro Dilemma can be disproved. The Divine Command Theory purely states that
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against Divine Command Theory In order to analyze the argument presented by Russ Shafer- Landau against the divine command theory‚ it is important to first understand the concept of divine command theory. The author has presented the idea about the ethical objectivity of God which is against the Divine Command theory that says there are the existence of only one God and therefore the uncertainties about the skepticism that are moral in nature are halted for the time. The theory of divine command
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Virtue ethics is a concept that defines the role of virtue and character in the philosophy of morals. Virtue ethics does not mean that the human being should act in a good way towards others as if this was a duty to be accomplished or to behave in a good way to get a good quality or high quality consequences. The concept is more superior than this thought. The virtue ethics concept is built on the rule of acting like a virtuous individual might behave in the same situation or circumstance. The majority
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Virtue is the good moral quality that a person possesses. “Virtue ethics is currently one of three major approaches in normative ethics. It may‚ initially‚ be identified as the one that accentuates the virtues‚ or moral character‚ in contrast to the approach which accentuates obligations or rules (deontology) or that which accentuates the consequences of actions (consequentialism).” [ CITATION Ros12 \l 1033 ]. There have been many different theories of virtue that have come to play over the years
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summarizes this theory. Theological Voluntarism: Theological meaning the study of theology (religion‚ God‚ gods‚ etc..); and voluntarism meaning will is a primary factor in an individual or universe. The Divine Command Theory is the elemental belief that a divine being (“divine being‚” defined as the immortal being that is followed and believed)‚ commands morality and immorality‚ and that these ideas can only originate within this divine being. Moral law is a feature of a divine beings nature. Essentially
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justice (in your answer‚ be sure to show how it differs from modern theories of justice). Of the four “Negative Evaluations” of Virtue Ethics (see handout)‚ which do you think is the most serious? Why? Which theory – virtue ethics‚ utilitarianism‚ Kantian morality -- in your view‚ is the most convincing (you must select one)? Why? [20 marks] • Note: the most convincing answers are those that explain the main tenets the theory (e.g. Kantian morality: principle of ends in themselves‚ good will
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An Argument Against Divine Command Theory One may make the claim that if there is no God‚ then nothing is morally wrong. Those who are religious may believe this to be true‚ while it seems implausible for an atheist (at least one who claims to have any morals) to believe such a statement. Without addressing the issue of the existence of God‚ I will examine several facets of this claim in order to explore the two main points of view that a theist might have regarding this claim. A theist could agree
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pious is something else. Thus Euthyphro’s theory does not give us the very nature of the pious. However the “Divine Commands” by Robert M. Adams responds to this dilemma. The theory teaches that moral truth or piety does not exist independently from god and that morality is determined by divine commands‚ which are gods commands. Therefore what ever god commands is moral because god is all good and good comes from god. This theory assert that gods command is the only reason that a good action is
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