Normalization of Database Tables Introduction to Normalization of Database Tables Normalization of Database Tables l Introduction to Normalization of Database Tables 4 4 4 ISM 602 Dr. Hamid Nemati 4 4 4 Functional Dependency l Introduction to Normalization of Database Tables l l A Functional Dependency Is A Relationship Between Or Among Attributes Such That The Values Of One Attribute Depend On‚ Or Are Determined By‚ The Values Of The Other Attribute(s)
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logically stored. There are a series of guidelines that ensure the database is normalized. They are refered to as normal forms and are numbered from one (the lowest form) through five‚ althought the fifth form is rarely seen. The normal forms of relational database theory provide criteria for determining a table’s degree of vulnerablility to logical inconsistencies and anomalities. The higher the normal form‚ the less vulnerable it is to inconsistencies First normal form (1NF) sets the very basic
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never used as a primary key. A primary key is used to uniquely identify records in a table. D 11. Which of the following is used to uniquely identify records in a table? (A) (B) (C) (D) a Rule of Referential Integrity a foreign key a primary key a relational database C 12. Which of the following is used to insure that each value for
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points) Consider the E-R diagram in Figure 1‚ which models an online bookstore. a. List the entity sets and their primary keys b. Suppose the bookstore adds music cassettes and compact disks to its collection. The same music item may be present in cassette or compact disk format‚ with differing prices. Extend the E-R diagram to model this addition‚ ignoring the effect on shopping baskets. c. Now extend the E-R diagram‚ using generalization‚ to model the case where a shopping basket may contain any
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Role models who others imitate‚ emulate or look to for guidance. There are good role models who inspire greatness in others and bad role models of what we call a "bad influence." There are even anti-role models‚ pegged by the media as "bad girls" or "bad boy" is a good example of what NOT to do if you want to be successful‚ respected. Every parent wants their children to have positive role models who have characteristics that inspire them to want to be (and become) their best. While there is some
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Pseudo-models Thanks to the media and the model agencies‚ a considerable number of young ladies are pumped out last summer. Right before June‚ some of these nameless girls were ordinary students like you and me. Some were working part-time and some were idling the days away. These girls‚ aged between 17 to at most 24‚ appear to be a different kind of models—what we now call the pseudo-models. Not receiving much education‚ they can still earn a lot‚ which brings them criticisms of setting bad examples
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Introduction to Oracle9i: SQL Instructor Guide • Volume 1 40049GC11 Production 1.1 October 2001 D33993 Authors Copyright © Oracle Corporation‚ 2000‚ 2001. All rights reserved. Nancy Greenberg Priya Nathan This documentation contains proprietary information of Oracle Corporation. It is provided under a license agreement containing restrictions on use and disclosure and is also protected by copyright law. Reverse engineering of the software is prohibited. If this documentation
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RDBMS Concepts 1. What is database? A database is a logically coherent collection of data with some inherent meaning‚ representing some aspect of real world and which is designed‚ built and populated with data for a specific purpose. 2. What is DBMS? It is a collection of programs that enables user to create and maintain a database. In other words it is general-purpose software that provides the users with the processes of defining‚ constructing and manipulating the database for various applications
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developed by Microsoft. Does not support wide variety of platforms MS SQL Azure IBM DB2 MySQL: open source database management system. Can run on OS X system‚ Linux‚ etc. Oracle RDBMS NoSQL (Not only SQL) – not based on the traditional relational DB model MongoDBCouchDBCassandra‚ etc. A Spreadsheet Is Not a Database It does not support even the most basic database functionality such as support for self-documentation through metadata‚ enforcement of data types or domains to ensure consistency
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Part 1 of this assignment is worth 25% of the overall marks for this course Working in groups of not more than three‚ you are to take a database-driven e-commerce Web site of your own choice and attempt to “reverse engineer” the underlying relational database schema. You should do this by means of picking out various data attributes‚ organising those attributes into tables‚ and then normalising the tables. Examples of database-driven Web sites that could possibly form the basis of this exercise
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