Chemical reactions involve the making and breaking of bonds. It is essential that we know what bonds are before we can understand any chemical reaction. To understand bonds‚ we will first describe several of their properties. The bond strength tells us how hard it is to break a bond. Bond lengths give us valuable structural information about the positions of the atomic nuclei. Bond dipoles inform us about the electron distribution around the two bonded atoms. From bond dipoles we may derive electronegativity
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Chemical Formula Principles Chemical Formula is a system of chemical notation that was invented in 181 by John Jakob Berzelius. The system is based on the law of definite proportions”‚ states that all samples of a given chemical compound have the same elemental composition. It is also a way of expressing information about the proportions of atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound‚ using a single line of chemical element symbols‚ numbers‚ and sometimes also other symbols‚ such as
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Chemical bonds are what make up the world. In bonds‚ elements are held together and form compounds that may have new physical and chemical properties. There are two main kinds of bonds‚ they ionic and covalent. In bonding the goal of the atoms involved is to reach a level of stability with less energy. In order to reach the epitome of stability‚ as in the case of noble gases‚ an atom strives to complete its outer shell. Either losing or gaining electrons may do this‚ which concludes in an ionic bond
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Chemical kinetics‚ also known as reaction kinetics‚ is the study of rates of chemical processes. Chemical kinetics includes investigations of how different experimental conditions can influence the speed of a chemical reaction and yield information about the reaction’s mechanism and transition states‚ as well as the construction of mathematical models that can describe the characteristics of a chemical reaction. In 1864‚ Peter Waage and Cato Guldberg pioneered the development of chemical kinetics
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Double Blind Peer Reviewed International Research Journal Publisher: Global Journals Inc. (USA) Online ISSN: 2249-4626 & Print ISSN: 0975-5896 Chemical and Physicochemical Properties of Moringa Flours and Oil By Abiodun O.A.‚ Adegbite J.A. & Omolola‚ A.O. Osun State Polytechnic‚ Nigeria Abstract - This work evaluates the chemical and physic-chemical properties of moringa seed flour and oil. The moringa seed were divided into two portions. The first portion was milled into flout while the
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CHEMICALS IN COSMETICS (OVERVIEW) FACTSHEET A cosmetic is a substance or preparation that is designed to be used on any external part of the human body – including in the mouth – to change the odours of the body‚ to change its appearance‚ cleanse it‚ keep it in good condition‚ perfume it or protect it. Cosmetics include soap‚ shampoo‚ moisturiser‚ hair dye‚ perfume‚ lipstick‚ mascara and many other products‚ but do not include products regulated as therapeutic goods (medicines). Cosmetics are made
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Late one afternoon Morris Plant Manager of Diamond Chemicals Merseyside was discussing a capital project with her controller that Morris wanted to propose to senior management. The project consisted of a 9 million pounds expenditure to renovate and rationalize the polypropylene production line at the Merseyside plant in order to make up for the deferred maintenance and to exploit opportunities to achieve production efficiency. The proposed Capital Program Morris had assumed responsibility for the
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this problem. Firstly the causes of this problem is the attitude of human. The human attitude nowadays really disappointing. They do not have the love feeling to the nature and throw garbage or any chemical substances anywhere including the river‚ the sea and any water sources. So this chemical substance will harm the water and we as the user will use the water without notice that we use the contaminated water. Slowly or in the long term our body will be affected. Besides that. the excessive used
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entrepreneurship at the Dow Chemical Company Dow Chemical Company Description Dow Chemical is a multi-national chemical manufacturing company‚ specifically serving various consumer markets with innovative chemicals and plastics products. With net profit margins dropping over a period of time‚ the firm had prioritized growth initiatives in the early 2000s. The emergence of the internet had empowered start-ups to disrupt the chemical manufacturing industry
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CASE STUDY 1: ZYCHOL CHEMICALS CORPORATION I. Problem(s): With all of the information gathered‚ has productivity increased at all? Should the accounting practices be further investigated? II. When I started the single-factor productivity analysis it looked as if productivity were headed in the right direction ’’ up. Because the outcomes of both the units per RMU and units per labor hours had an increase‚ 3.59% and 4.79% respectively. Even with the increase in cost per barrel from
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