Understanding by Design by Grant Wiggins and Jay McTighe Backward Design Why “backward” is best Deliberate and focused instructional design requires us as teachers and curriculum writers to make an important shift in our thinking about the nature of our job. The shift involves thinking a great deal‚ first‚ about the specific learnings sought‚ and the evidence of such learnings‚ before thinking about what we‚ as the teacher‚ will do or provide in teaching and learning activities. Though
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Running Head: BACKWARD DESIGN Backward Design Healthy community Title: How does a healthy community look like? Subject: English Topic: Healthy community Grade: 7 Designer: laila Established Goals: Talking and listening: • Communicate in simple formal and informal situations‚ expressing ideas and opinions clearly. • Vary strategies for talking and listening according to different familiar
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The concept of planning “backward” starting from desired results (the end in mind) is not new. In 1949 Ralph Tyler described this approach as an effective process for focusing instruction. Recently‚ Stephen Covey‚ in the bestselling book‚ Seven Habits of Highly Effective People‚ reports that effective people in various fields are goal-oriented and plan with the end in mind. Although not a new idea‚ the deliberate use of backward design for planning curriculum units and courses results in more clearly
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in the world of science. The primary focus of the debate is whether or not there is a God based on the design of the human eye. Many argue that the eye is proof that there is no God because of its backward design. However‚ some people‚ such as Bergman‚ believe that this backward design proves the opposite. Bergman and fellow believers argue that this design is more complex and a much better design than what a big bang and evolution could produce. Therefore‚ according to Bergman‚ the human eye is proof
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Looking Backward by Edward Bellamy Julian West‚ the main character of Looking Backward‚ was born into a rich family in the late nineteenth century. The gap between the rich and poor was very huge and seemed impossible to fix. Like the other people of his high class‚ Julian thought that he was greater than the poor people‚ and he saw their constant strikes with anger and contempt. He was engaged to Edith Bartlett‚ who was a beautiful and graceful Boston lady. They planned to get married when the
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The novel Looking Backward by Edward Bellamy is a social commentary on the problems of late 1800’s society. Bellamy compares the negative afflictions of his time to an imagined utopia of the future year 2000 in order to open the eyes of the reader. By doing this‚ he hopes to create a social awareness for the poor cultural and economic values so that future generations can change for the better. One of the conditions that afflicted America in 1887 was in regards to labor. When asked what he thought
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hiding the message at a volume too low to pick up. Other sounds are played above these messages to mask their identity. Another more famous form of audio subliminal messaging is known as “backmasking”. It often involves music that‚ when played backward‚ sends a different message than when played forward. This form of subliminal message was responsible for a wave of hysteria beginning in the 1970s as the media claimed that numerous songs hid satanic messages behind their lyrics. On the other
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The Critical Reflection of the design process iphone Application This document describes the critical reflection of designing the mobile application and describing the software interface in terms of learnability‚ memorability‚ effectiveness‚ efficiency and satisfaction CTS Griffith University 11/6/2012 The Critical Reflection of the design process iphone Application This document describes the critical reflection of designing the mobile application and describing the software interface
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The definition of freedom depends entirely on how the phrase “freedom from…” ends. Perhaps a most straightforward understanding of freedom is the laissez-faire emphasis on limiting the power of government to interfere in economic and social matters. In this state of absolute freedom‚ however‚ inequalities exist between people‚ so that freedom from a controlling government does not imply individuals’ freedom of contract‚ movement‚ legal protection‚ equal rights through citizenship‚ or political voice
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Backward chaining is a procedure in which the last part of the chain is taught first; in this case putting the pillow on the bed and brushing her teeth. Once the last response in the chain is consistently occurring‚ the next to last piece is taught‚ and the client performs last two parts of the chain occur together (Miltenberger‚ 2012). This training progresses backwards through all steps until the client has learned all the components
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