remains: plastic. As the waves roll upon the beach‚ they hold within their grasp plastic wrappers‚ containers‚ but most of all bags. They drift in the wind over America’s great prairies and are caught on rocks at the highest peaks. Animals are seen wrapped in plastic struggling to move and breathe while others lie motionless on the ground having given up the struggle to free themselves. Society’s descendents can no longer lie on the beach and enjoy the sun due to the thick layer of plastic covering
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Many solutions exist to reduce the negative externalities of plastic bags. The three main solutions available are taxations on plastic bags‚ bans on plastic bags and subsidies to improve methane capture technologies. The following provides a discussion on each of the solutions‚ including the advantages and disadvantages of each solution: Solution 1: Taxation on plastic bags Imposition of a tax equal to the cost of the negative externality can internalise the externality amongst consumers and
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BIODEGRADABLE SM PLASTIC BAG IN DIFFERENT SUBSTRATE ABSTRACT The purpose of this Investigatory project is to determine the effect of different substrates on the biodegradability of SM plastic bags. The materials needed are: 6‚ 1-litre glass jars; 6‚ 7”x9” aluminums trays; 12 pcs. 3”x4” SM plastic bags; 500g loam soil; 500g compost soil; 500mL seawater; 500mL tap water; Analytical balance; Graduated cylinder; and Weighing scale. The procedure involved cutting the SM plastics bags into 3”x4” sizes
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substances originating from living organisms‚ or artificial materials that are similar enough to plant and animal matter to be put to use by microorganisms ------------------------------------------------- ONE OPTION: BIODEGRADABLE Plastics Biodegradable plastic is plastic that has been treated to be easily broken down by microorganisms and return to nature. Many technologies exist today that allow for such treatment. Currently there are some synthetic polymers that can be broken down by microorganisms
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IMPORTANCE OF PLASTIC:- Plastics are a subset of materials known as Polymers. These are composed of large molecules formed by joining many smaller molecules together (monomers). Other kinds of polymers are fibres‚ elastomers‚ surface coating and biopolymers‚ such as cellulose‚ proteins and nucleic acids. Plastics owe their name to their ability to be shaped to form articles of practical value by various conversion and forming processes. These are some peculiar properties of plastics materials‚ which
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of plastic grocery bags during its life cycle‚ I should first explain what does the carbon footprint term stand for‚ I would take the definition given in the textbook of this course‚ "The carbon footprint is the total emissions of CO2‚ more specifically greenhouse gases as CO2‚ equivalent (CO2e)‚ that is generated by individual‚ organization‚ event‚ product or process over its life-cycle". Knowing what the carbon footprint means now‚ I know that for discussing the carbon footprint of plastic grocery
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pence on all single-use carrier bags. However‚ most young people were not aware of the charge‚ which is the number of students taking up in these age groups‚ who may only just studying in school and go shopping infrequently. On the contrary‚ a large number of old people were aware of the charge due to often buying groceries and everyday items from shops. 2. This bar chart compares the proportion of respondents of both genders views on taking their own shopping bags. When it comes to inconvenience
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California State University‚ Chico Institute for Sustainable Development Life Cycle Assessment of Reusable and Single-use Plastic Bags in California January 2011 Produced under contract by: California State University Chico Research Foundation Author: Joseph Greene‚ Ph.D. Sustainable Manufacturing Program California State University‚ Chico Chico‚ CA 95929-0789 Funding provided by Table of Contents Table of Contents..........................................................................
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OCEAN PLASTICS POLLUTION: A GLOBAL TRAGEDY FOR OUR OCEANS AND SEA LIFE Plastic never goes away. And it’s increasingly finding its way into our oceans and onto our beaches. In the Los Angeles area alone‚ 10 metric tons of plastic fragments — like grocery bags‚ straws and soda bottles — are carried into the Pacific Ocean every day. Today billions of pounds of plastic can be found in swirling convergences making up about 40 percent of the world’s ocean surfaces. Plastics pollution has a direct and
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plastic-def. A plastic material is any of a wide range of synthetic or semi-synthetic organic solids that are moldable. Plastics are typically organic polymers of high molecular mass‚ but they often contain other substances. They are usually synthetic‚ most commonly derived from petrochemicals‚ but many are partially natural. Plastics Characteristics Plastics are made from fossil fuels--petroleum‚ natural gas‚ coal--‚ wood and some plant materials‚ air‚ water and sometimes other common materials
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