INTRODUCTION This article is a summary of Rene Descarte’s Meditation on First Philosophy. It seeks‚ as permitted by the Meditator himself‚ in his letter to the reader‚ to examine his treatise with the possibility of instituting change if necessary. ...I doubt not‚ if you but condescend to pay so much regard to this treatise as to be willing in the first place to correct it (for mindful not only of my humanity‚ but chiefly also of my ignorance‚ I do not affirm that it is free from errors); in the
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Realism Realists believe that reality exists independent of the human mind. The ultimate reality is the world of physical objects. The focus is on the body/objects. Truth is objective-what can be observed. Aristotle‚ a student of Plato who broke with his mentor’s idealist philosophy‚ is called the father of both Realism and the scientific method. In this metaphysical view‚ the aim is to understand objective reality through "the diligent and unsparing scrutiny of all observable data." Aristotle
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Spinoza’s philosophy as espoused in the Ethics was a response to Descartes’ dualism. Through works such as the Ethics‚ Spinoza seeks to address the main flaws in Descartes’ philosophy. These flaws included but were by no means limited to‚ proof for the existence of God and the interaction between mind and body. This essay will highlight the advantages of Spinoza’s monism over Descartes’ dualism by looking at Spinoza’s response to these issues. First‚ in order to consider the advantages of
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1 Philosophy of Mind: An Introduction The Mind-Body Problem: Five Philosophical Observations: 1) You have a mind and a body 2) These normally work together 3) Your body is physical and‚ thus‚ publicly observable 4) Your mental life is essentially private; no one else can feel your pain‚ or experience the images you do; and unlike the physical realm the mental realm is not publicly observable‚ therefore‚ 5) You have privileged access to the contents of your own mind 2 Consciousness
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Worldview Paper Ja’Net Issoufou Grand Canyon University Phi 103-Intro to Philosophy and Ethics 10/3/2010 In this life there are many different worldviews. Worldviews are shaped by a person’s upbringing‚ environment and perception of reality. According to Schneider (2004)‚ “a worldviews a set of presuppositions …which we hold…about the basic makeup of the world.” A worldview can consist of religious beliefs‚ political affiliations‚ and personal views on life‚ love‚ family and friendship.
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God: Does He Exist? Philosophy is a subject that can take many twists and turns before it finds an answer to a general question (Wippel‚ Wolter 335). God is real to many‚ but not real to others. Some believe that there is sufficient evidence such as the earth. The earth is the perfect size‚ if the earth and the atmosphere were any smaller‚ life on earth would be impossible. Then again‚ because of this idea some believe that the earth was created by a big explosion called the big bang theory which
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This essay aims to outline the Ontological Argument‚ proposed by Anselm of Canterbury‚ to prove the existence of God (in particular the Christian God). It also discusses Gaunilo’s objection to the ontological argument with the use of the “Lost Island” analogy. And finally offers an opinion as to whether or not Gaunilo’s objection successfully refutes Anselm’s argument. Anselm’s ontological argument‚ sourced from the “Proslogium” (with himself as the author)‚ is a highly controversial argument
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Angela Antoine 7-03-2011 PHI 103 Intro to Philosophy and Ethics Professor Ted Rueter Plato’s and Aristotle’s Worldviews |Worldview Belief |Metaphysics |Epistemology |Ethics |Anthropology |God | |Plato |Dual realities. The lower |Knowledge is gained only by |If a human possesses a virtuous |Dual parts. The body and soul |The Form
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Utilitarianism or God‚ do we have to choose? During many years that question is being formulated and many scholars had a very difficult time to decide if it was possible to follow God’s will and the principle of utility maximization. The principle of utility maximization was a theory created by John Stuart Mill and presented in his book Utilitarianism (1863). Societies throughout the years have argued that those theories are hard to combine‚ since Utilitarianism seeks for self-development and
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Security vs. Liberty: The Battle for America In the wake of September 11th‚ the country was in turmoil. Fear and confusion were rampant; direction was required. President George Bush‚ in a famous address‚ acknowledged the severity of the attacks‚ and called for a newly invigorated sense of nationalism. His plan for preventing future attacks called for the creation of the Department of Homeland Security‚ and expanded powers to intelligence agencies (Bush). During this time‚ one of the most provocative
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