PHILOSOPHY The History of Philosophy is often divided into three periods: Ancient philosophy‚ Medieval philosophy‚ and Modern philosophy. Philosophy is the discipline concerned with questions of how one should live (ethics); what sorts of things exist and what are their essential natures (metaphysics); what counts as genuine knowledge (epistemology); and what are the correct principles of reasoning (logic). The word is of Ancient Greek origin (philosophía)‚ meaning love of wisdom. Definition
Premium Philosophy Metaphysics
! ! ! Sociology • A study of the human condition- all aspects of the human condition. There is nothing that humans do or say that is foreign to sociology • Began in the earliest stages of history- even in the Paleolithic period where we were hunters and gatherers because even in this time‚ there were human relationships. • Safe to say that sociology is as old as history ! Pre-Socratic Theorists Heraclitus: • Arguably the most important pre-Socratic writer • Said that “one can
Free Thought Human Perception
Branches of philosophy The following branches are the main areas of study: • Metaphysics investigates the nature of being and the world. Traditional branches are cosmology and ontology. • Epistemology is concerned with the nature and scope of knowledge‚ and whether knowledge is possible. Among its central concerns has been the challenge posed by skepticism and the relationships between truth‚ belief‚ and justification. • Ethics‚ or ’moral philosophy’‚ is concerned with questions of how
Premium Philosophy
The Scientific Revolution Newtonian influences Freudian influence Skepticism Realism Conceptualism Nominalism Empiricism Rationalism Absolute Idealism Existentialism Phenomenology Hermeneutics Structuralism Deconstruction Critical Theory Pragmatism Behaviorism Functionalism Thales‚ Anaximander‚ Anaximenes‚ Leucippus‚ Democritus‚ Socrates‚ Plato‚ Aristotle‚ Pyrrho‚ Descartes‚ Locke‚ Berkeley‚ Hume‚ Kant‚ What is knowledge? What can be known? Is knowledge possible? How do we attain knowledge?
Premium Philosophy Ethics Immanuel Kant
Principal Issues with Epistemology Earnell Branson PHL/215 June 18‚ 2012 Dr. Anne M. Edwards Principal Issues with Epistemology Society has attempted to decipher what is real. The idea of what is real and what is understood has been a problem for societies. The different societies and cultures believed in other beings such as different God’s. Greek society was a leader in worshipping and believing in God’s that perceived to be real in their minds and culture. Worshipping these God’s begun
Premium Philosophy Epistemology Metaphysics
In order to understand Leibniz’ writing in this passage‚ one must comprehend the definitions he has set forth in previous sections of his writing. To begin‚ a monad is a similar concept to an atom‚ though the two differ in some respects. Leibniz even references atoms in his first discussions of monads‚ where he says that “monads are the true atoms of nature” (§ 3‚ p. 275). He says that these monads are simple‚ which means they are whole in and of themselves; they do not consist of parts
Premium Metaphysics Ontology Concepts in metaphysics
ENLIGHTENMENT The Enlightenment is the period in the history of western thought and culture‚ stretching roughly from the mid-decades of the seventeenth century through the eighteenth century‚ characterized by dramatic revolutions in science‚ philosophy‚ society and politics; these revolutions swept away the medieval world-view and ushered in our modern western world. Enlightenment thought culminates historically in the political upheaval of the French Revolution‚ in which the traditional hierarchical
Premium Age of Enlightenment Immanuel Kant René Descartes
in the third part of his „Ethics“ Spinoza follows in his list of definitions of affects to a great extent the one of passions given by Descartes in his “Passions de l’Ame” (apart from divergent evaluations of some of the passions1‚ like Spinoza´s refusal to include admiratio among them). It also appears that both of them are building a taxonomy of passions that introduces some kind of hierarchical order among these. We find both in Descartes as well as in Spinoza a set of passions2 out or by means
Premium Causality Mind Metaphysics
| The Mind Body Problem | Philosophy 101Marcus Scott | | Diane M. Mackey | 4/23/2009 | Abstract: Although the “mind” is an intangible thing‚ which cannot be proved or disproved‚ this paper will attempt to address the mind-body problem from the three most common positions: Dualism‚ Materialism‚ & Idealism‚ none of which has been able to solve this centuries’ old problem. The information on this subject was so vast that a paper such as this cannot possibly give real justice to
Premium Mind Philosophy of mind Materialism
Metaphilosophy relies on the idea that it might be productive to distinguish some general pronouncements about philosophy from philosophy itself. Contrasting with many other cultural practices‚ for philosophy the distinction is rather questionable‚ but a similar case is presented by language: when speaking in English about the English language one might assume a split between English-as-object and English-as-metalanguage. Philosophers using the term metaphilosophy being still a minority‚ it might
Premium Philosophy