Developing Fuels Revision questions and suggested answers 1. Define ΔHfθ and ΔHcθ ΔHfθ the enthalpy change when 1 mole of a compound is formed from its constituent elements in their standard states measured under standard conditions ΔHcθ the enthalpy change when 1 mole of a compound undergoes complete combustion measured under standard conditions 2. Write an equation for the enthalpy of formation of butane C4H10 4C(s) + 5H2(g) C4H10(g) 3. Write an equation for the
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Disadvantages of alternate fuels The truth about the manufacturing and use of alternate fuels‚ as with everything else in life‚ is a mix of benefits and cost. Electricity is one of the alternate fuels that made it to production. The Chevy Volt is one such vehicle. The problem with this car is that it cost $41‚000 to buy one‚ and the battery life for a charge is only 37 miles. There would be no value for us to use electric cars. (Courture‚2011). Ethanol
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Alternative Fuels – Data By: Denise Claire Tan Yet Nee Structure and physical properties of Molecules Nowadays‚ there are a lot of alternative fuels which have discovered by human beings in order to replace the depleting non-renewable fossil fuels supply. In fact‚ organic chemistry has successfully proved that organic compounds can be served substitution of fossil fuel supply. The structure and physical properties of organic molecules are characteristics that aid them to become useful fuels for
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Bill Kozel Ms. Livingston English Comp 2 18 September 2012 Alternative Fuels in America On a national average the world uses 87.8 million barrels of crude oil on a daily basis. In 2000 it was estimated that the US alone consumed nearly 20 million barrels of oil a day‚ which is about 5% more than similar nations (Friedman 195). Oil consumption is only going to increase until it peaks‚ then it will steadily decrease as oil supply goes down. It is predicted that oil consumption will peak by the year
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oil and natural gas reserves World primary energy consumption Fuel fundamentals Fuel sources Alternatives for the future Dual-fuel Bio-diesel GTL Diesel Ethanol Hydrogen Gasoline Analyses & Conclusions Bibliography Acknowledgement 3 5 7 7 8 10 11 14 21 25 29 31 34 37 39 44 45 Summary 2 Alternatives future for the As the we live in a world that relies 99% in those two fuels for transportation. Many alternative fuels have some potential to change the future but just a few can really
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Alternative fuels‚ or at least the concept of it‚ has been around since the early days of the automobile. Alternative fuels such as biodiesel‚ ethanol and methanol‚ have been produced and used on a small scale for decades. They are now being rediscovered due to the rising cost of oil and the instability of world politics. The discovery of these fuels changed the face of the planet‚ but since day one people have looked for other fuels that improved over the course of history. Alternative fuel vehicles
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Introduction…………………………………………………………2 Impact of fuel on the airline’s operation and management…………3 Risks and opportunities……………………………………………..6 Biofuel’s emergence………………………………………………...9 Conclusion………………………………………………………….10 List of references Appendix Abstract This project is completed in order to analyze the impact of fuel on the airlines. It studies the operational and managerial decisions that follow the slightest waving of the oil prices‚ indicates opportunities and threats related to fuel usage. The study reflects
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Pyrolysis of plastic wastes to fuel oil with and without catalyst Baoying Shi‚ Yufeng Wang Guangdong Dongguan Quality Supervision Testing Center Dongguan，China Chengzhi Chuai School of Material Science & Chemical Engineering Tianjin University of Science & Technology Tianjin‚ China Abstract—Two types of waste plastics were used in this study: polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP). This paper described pyrolysis of plastic waste materials with and without catalyst. The influence of the
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Do you like paying $3.78 for a gallon of gasoline? Well‚ as of May 16‚ 2008 that is the national average. You wake up knowing you need to fill the tank and the hair stands up on the back of your neck as you think of how much more the price has increased over night. It doesn’t have to be that way if you believe in the power of change. Hydrogen fuel is that change for the automobiles of the future. Hydrogen has been used for decades‚ but mostly for commercial use. Each year‚ we get closer to
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FUEL CELL CARS Fuel Cell cars are a major part of the fleet of Zero-Emission Vehicles. The fuel cells are fueled with pure hydrogen and hence they are considered to be zero emission vehicles. Fuel cells have been used on spacecraft for many years to power electric equipment. These are fueled with liquid hydrogen from the spacecraft ’s rocket fuel tanks. Basic Mechanics Fuel cell vehicles turn hydrogen fuel and oxygen into electricity. The electricity then powers an electric motor‚ just like
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