MITRAL VALVE DISEASE MITRAL STENOSIS Mitral stenosis is almost always rheumatic in origin‚ although in the elderly it can be caused by heavy calcification of the mitral valve apparatus. There is also a rare form of congenital mitral stenosis. In rheumatic mitral stenosis‚ the mitral valve orifice is slowly diminished by progressive fibrosis‚ calcification of the valve leaflets‚ and fusion of the cusps and subvalvular apparatus. The flow of blood from left atrium to left ventricle
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Scenario A: * What is happening to Ms. Jones’s kidneys‚ and why is it causing the observed symptom? Mrs. Jones’ kidneys are impaired. The kidneys regulate their own blood flow as well as GFR. When the kidneys become hypoperfused in Mrs. Jones case‚ narrowing of the renal arteries‚ and vessels in the kidneys dilate with the help of prostoglandims to facilitate the flow. * What other symptoms and signs might occur? * The most common symptom is less urine output‚ but in Mrs. Jones
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that one-way flow occurs? You correctly answered: d. valves 3. Which of the following might be seen in both the diseased heart and the athlete’s heart? You correctly answered: c. thicker myocardium 4. The type of resistance increased in aortic valve stenosis is You correctly answered: d. increased left-ventricular afterload. 09/25/14 page 1 Experiment Results Predict Question: Predict Question 1: You will now test three mechanisms to compensate for the decrease in flow rate caused by the decreased
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HYPERTROPHIC PYLORIC STENOSIS: It is the type obstruction that is common on infants where by the antra muscle at the orifice of pylorus hypertrophy and causes obstruction (BONTRAGER‚ 2014). Symptoms of HPS starts showing up within three to six weeks after birth and in rare case for babies at the age of older than 3 month (STAFF‚ 2012). This may include projectile vomiting after feedings‚ acute pain‚ distension of stomach‚ and in prolonged delay in diagnosis can lead to dehydration‚ abdominal pain
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1) Helicobacter Pylori associated chronic gastritis resulting in duodenal ulceration or Peptic Ulcer Disease. Gastric pain at night and when hungry: ulcer is duodenal as the pyloric sphincter is open. Single punched-out lesion in the duodenum where 90% of peptic ulcers occur. H.Pylori most common cause of peptic ulcers. Erythematous stomach and history of dyspepsia: This indicates inflammation associated with chronic gastritis: result of long term hyperacidity in the
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administration of the contrast medium and these are useful in detecting perforation‚ presence of radiopaque foreign substances and gastric wall thickening. Oral contrast mediums‚ such as barium sulfate highlight conditions such as hiatal hernia‚ pyloric stenosis‚ gastric diverticulitis‚ and presence of undigested food‚ congenital anomalies or diseases of the stomach such as gastric Ulcer‚ Cancer‚ stomach polyps. As the person swallows the barium suspension‚
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Blood gases and acid base balance Normally we do venous/capillary blood gases. Arterial blood gases are only done in the very sick children‚ who have been intubated/ventilated and have arterial lines in situ (usually in the theatre prior to transfer to the PICU in Newcastle. Here is a stepwise approach to blood gas analysis. STEP 1: [pic] STEP 2: Look at pCO2 [pic] STEP 3: Look at Bicarbonate & Base excess (BE) [pic] Base excess (BE): Base excess is the
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Unit One Workbook Assignment Chapter 2: Developmental‚ Congenital‚ and Childhood Diseases and Disorders Assignment: For each scenario that follows‚ explain how and why you would schedule an appointment or suggest a referral based on the patient’s reported symptoms. Be sure to first review the “Guidelines for Patient-Screening Exercises” found on page iii in the Introduction section of your Workbook. 1. The mother of a 6-month-old infant calls the office requesting an appointment
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* Spasm in the genitourinary tract * Spasm in the gastrointestinal tract * Spasm in the biliary tract * colic | * Hypersensitivity to belladonna * Glaucoma * Prostatic * hypertrophy w/ urinary retention * mechanical stenosis of the GIT * pyloric obstruction * tachycardia * megacolon or myasthenia gravis. | * Constipation * decreased sweating‚dryness of mouth‚skin and eye * blurred feeling * bloating * dysuria * nausea or vomiting‚ * lightheadedness * headache
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NCLEX QUESTION 1. What is the recommended treatment for scabies in a child who is under 1 year old? a. lindane (Kwell) b. tolnaftate (Tinactin) c. thiabendazole (Mintezol) d. permethrin (Elimite) 2. When a preschooler’s family is exhibiting high levels of mistrust‚ checks everyone’s performance‚ asks to change rules and demands high level of information‚ which action or strategy is inappropriate? a. Ask their opinion and use their suggestions b. Be positive about building a trusting relationship
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