MOLECULAR MODELING 1. Objectives ● Predictthe shape of identified compounds; ● Construct molecular models of identified compounds; and ●Determine the molecular structure of identified compounds. 2. Theory Building models of molecules are useful for visualizing how atoms are connected in three-dimensional space called molecular geometry‚ which is best predicted by Valence-Shell Electron-Pair Repulsion (VSPER) theory. The following are the sets of rules summarizing thsi theory: ●
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Analysis of Soda Ash and Volumetric Analysis of a Carbonate-Bicarbonate Mixture Buti‚ Mary Daphne A. Department of Chemical Engineering‚ Faculty of Engineering University of Santo Tomas España‚ Manila Abstract Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3)‚ commonly known by trade name soda ash‚ is a white‚ anhydrous‚ powdered or granular material that is an essential raw material used in the manufacturing of glass‚ detergents‚ chemicals‚ and other industrial products. In this experiment‚ the percent alkalinity
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Molecular modelling is the general term used to describe the use of computers to construct molecules and perform a variety of calculations on these molecules in order to predict their chemical characteristics and behaviour. The term molecular modelling is often used synonymously with the term computational chemistry. Computational chemistry is a broader term‚ referring to any use of computers to study chemical systems. Some chemists use the term computational quantum chemistry to refer to the use
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Determining Order from Rates of Reactions AP Chemistry Purpose The focus of this experiment is to recognize that when aqueous solutions of potassium iodate ion (KIO3-) and bisulfite ion (HSO3-) are mixed‚ a series of reactions will occur‚ and the final reaction is signaled by the appearance of a dark blue color. My partners and I investigate how the concentration of the reactants affects the rate of reaction. The purpose of this lab is to find
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How did the amount of Sodium Citrate‚ an anticoagulant‚ added to a Calcium Chloride solution affect the volume of the clots formed when a sodium alginate solution‚ a blood simulation‚ was introduced? Mackenzie Keesor (Fall Semester 2017-2018) Purpose The purpose of this experiment was to observe the differences in the formation of simulated blood clots when different amounts of sodium citrate‚ an anticoagulant‚ was added to the coagulation process‚ which would help gain information about the process
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evolved than MgSO₄. In the second set-up‚ six Smith fermentation tubes were used each containing different 15mL solution (starch‚ lactose‚ sucrose‚ glucose‚ fructose or distilled H₂O). the tubes were then added with 15 mL distilled H2O and 15 mL 10% yeast suspension. Here‚ results show that fructose had the highest rate of respiration followed by glucose‚ sucrose‚ lactose‚ starch and H₂O. Thus‚ simpler substrate would mean higher rate of respiration. INTRODUCTION We all need life to survive. Life
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olives) The first three items on this list (atoms‚ molecules‚ and macromolecules) will be discussed further in the chapter on chemistry. Cells are considered to be the smallest structure that is alive. They are often too small to see without the aid of a microscope. All living organisms are composed of cells. The smallest organisms are composed of a single cell; larger organisms are composed of more than one cell. Similar kinds of cells may be arranged together to form a tissue. Tissues have
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LAB 2: DATE: 29TH September‚ 2011. FORM CLASS: L6 3 SUBJECT: Biology TITLE: Quantitative Glucose Test AIM: To determine the amount of glucose in three unknown samples namely A‚ B and C INTRODUCTION: Biological molecules are held together by covalent bonds‚ hydrogen bonds among others bonds in various ways to produce large molecules called macromolecules. Simple organic compounds and macromolecules molecules vary in structure and can be distinguished by their functional groups. Molecules of a certain
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while catabolic pathways are oxidative processes which remove electrons from substrates or intermediates that are used to generate energy. Preferably‚ these processes use NADP or NAD‚ respectively‚ as co-factors. Although all yeasts are microorganisms that derive their chemical energy‚ in the from of ATP‚ from the breakdown of organic compounds‚ there is metabolic diversity in how these organisms generate and consume energy from these substrates. Knowledge of the underlying regulatory mechanisms
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You just reviewed type of carbohydrates. Glucose is a simple sugar called a monosaccharide ‚ whereas starch contains compound carbon chains and is a polysaccharide . 5. Polysaccharides are formed by a dehydration synthesis reaction between monosaccharides. What does this mean? Water molecules are removed from the bond. 6. For each of the following tests‚ please circle which substance would give a positive result: a. Benedict’s test - glucose tap water oil (lipid)) starch
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