The History of the Atom Hypothesis according to Aristotle (350 BC): All matter consists of the elements earth‚ air‚ fire‚ and water. Experiment: A tree grows from the earth as water is added. The tree is then set on fire in an effort to form new elements. 1. What kind of results would be observed from this experiment? Fire‚ ash (earth)‚ smoke (air) 2. Would these observations support or reject the hypothesis? Explain. Support. No elements have been produced that are something other than
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Pudding- electrons float around in a positive charged “pudding” b. Nuclear Model- atom is mostly empty space. All the positive charge and almost all the mass is concentrated in a small area in the center‚ called the nucleus. Nucleus is composed of protons and neutrons c. Planetary- electrons orbit the nucleus like planets d. Quantum-atom is found inside a blurry electron cloud 11. Scientists – Thomson‚ Rutherford‚ Millikan‚ etc. Democritus- He believed that atoms were
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Development of the periodic table ➢ The elements in the periodic table have been arranged in the order of the number of protons (a.k.a. atomic number) The next significant stage in the development of the periodic table was discovered by came from John Newlands. He arranged the known elements in order of their atomic masses. He introduced the ‘law of octaves’ which meant that every eighth element had similar properties. As it didn’t work for all the known elements it was therefore dismissed
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Prelab Questions Neutrons were discovered in 1932‚ more than 10 years after the existence of isotopes was confirmed. What property of electrons and protons led to their discovery? Suggest a possible reason why neutrons were the last of the three classic subatomic particles to be discovered. The property that led to the discovery of electrons and protons was their charges. Neutrons were the last of the three subatomic particles to be discovered because they have no charge and therefore it was harder
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with Dalton’s theory are that his second law that all atoms of the same element are the same is false because today we have found that there are other kinds of atoms called isotopes. An isotope is an atom that has the same amount of electrons and protons‚ but it has more neutrons that increase its atomic mass. Some examples of isotopes are Carbon 12‚ carbon 13‚ carbon 14‚ Uranium (234‚ 235‚ and 238) and lithium (6‚ 7). Carbon 14 is especially useful because we know its rate of decay and can use to
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DOE-HDBK-1019/1-93 JANUARY 1993 DOE FUNDAMENTALS HANDBOOK NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND REACTOR THEORY Volume 1 of 2 U.S. Department of Energy Washington‚ D.C. 20585 FSC-6910 Distribution Statement A. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. This document has been reproduced directly from the best available copy. Available to DOE and DOE contractors from the Office of Scientific and Technical Information. P.O. Box 62‚ Oak Ridge‚ TN 37831. Available to the public from the National
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Module 2: The Scientific Method and Matter The Scientific Method Step 1: Performing Experiments Step 2: Making Observations Step 3: Proposing a Hypothesis Step 4: Confirming the Hypothesis Step 5: Proposing a Scientific Law Scientific Notation It is a mathematical expression in which a number is expressed as N x 10^n where N contains only one nonzero digit to the left of the decimal and n is an integer. Rules for Determining Significant Figures (digits) - All nonzero digits are
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(Aladdin) Baba and the Forty Thieves‚ from which this name comes from as well. Sesame is an apparatus for accelerating subatomic particles to high velocities by means of electric or electromagnetic fields. This basically increases the speed and energy of protons‚ electrons‚ or other atomic particles‚ and directs them at atomic nuclei or other particles to cause high-energy collisions. Sesame will be used by researchers to study everything from viruses and new drugs to the workings of a star and the understanding
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stories they are all talking about the same topic but are very different. In the Energy Story‚ the author tells us that we use a lot of energy and in a lot of different things. They tell us how the structure of the atom looks and how the number of protons‚ electrons‚ and neutrons affect how much energy that element can produce. If there are more electrons the element does not conduct any energy and if there are more
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spectroscopy / nuclear magnetic resonance N.M.R.S Investigates the different chemical environment in which the nuclei of one particular element is situated N.m.r spectrum-it shows the salicylic acid contains – one proton in a COOH environment / one proton in a phenolic environment / 4 protons attached to a benzene ring – Limitation of this technique is that it can only consider one environment however. in this case there is 6 Mass spectroscopy From the other tech used is suggests that salicylic acid
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