in the cells that line the air passages. The abnormal cells do not develop into healthy lung tissue; they divide rapidly and form tumours. As tumours become larger and more numerous‚ they undermine the lung’s ability to provide the bloodstream with oxygen. Tumours that remain in one place and do not appear to spread are known as “benign tumours”. Malignant tumours‚ the more dangerous ones‚ spread to other parts of the body either through the bloodstream or the lymphatic system. Metastasis refers
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sequences‚ SR proteins promote splice selection whereas HnRNP proteins utilize suppressor sequences
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The Human Genome Project (HGP) was one of the great feats of exploration in history - an inward voyage of discovery rather than an outward exploration of the planet or the cosmos; an international research effort to sequence and map all of the genes - together known as the genome - of members of our species‚ Homo sapiens. The Human Genome Project was started in 1990 with the goal of sequencing and identifying all three billion chemical units in the human genetic instruction set‚ finding the genetic
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What Is Retinoblastoma? Cancer of the eye is retinoblastoma its only happens in off springs. It is a disease of the very young children. Sixty-six percent of people with retinoblastoma are realized before they are two years old‚ and more than ninety percent of people have it before the growth of five. Retinoblastoma can take two forms or types: Around three-fourth percentage of offspring with retinoblastoma has one lump or tumor in one eyeball. This is named one-sided retinoblastoma‚ and it generally
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Life is defined as the existence of an individual human being or animal. There is a plethora of controversy about when life truly starts. Does it start right when the sperm meets the egg? Does it start when the fetus develops enough to feel? Most have their own opinion on this topic‚ but if “killing” an embryo can save lives it might be worth it. General stem cell research has been going on for many years‚ but due to cut funding‚ advancements have been inhibited. It was cut because embryonic stem
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chapter of foundations of genetics it shows us how genes influence traits. In this article it informs us about how people with down syndrome have the same genes as any other human being the only difference is that 1% extra. Genes have the power to control things such as a persons physical appearance‚ how the body ages‚ and the way we grow and develop.These genes are passed on from our parents. Going back to the chapter of DNA where it mentions that genes are made of DNA. As in the chapter of mitosis
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chromosomes and because it is dominant‚ and Mendel’s Law of Dominance claims that some genes are dominant and are over the recessive genes which prevents the recessive gene from being present. Retinoblastoma forms during pregnancy when the tumor grows within the tissue that would be developing for the eyes. Retinoblastoma traces to one locus which includes chromosome 13 which codes for the RB1 tumor suppressor gene. RB1 codes by 928 amino acids and would be mutated by deletion‚ insertion‚ missense‚
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Aging is something that continuously happens throughout life‚ which produces a lot of changes throughout the body. With that being said‚ many changes throughout the body affect the respiratory system. As individuals age‚ bones of the body become thin‚ weak‚ and change shape. The ribcage is affected by this change and can alter a person’s breathing as it becomes unable to expand and contract the way it used to. Muscles in the body also become weak. If the muscle that supports breathing‚ called the
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The HER2 has the potential to carry the cancerous cells in it. The HER2 gene is a 185-kD transmembrane glycoprotein which contains the cancerous cells‚ and the overexpression of it can cause major problems. It is overexpressed in 25-30% breast cancer issues and thus plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. To
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external modifications to DNA that turn the genes “on” or “off” yet these modifications don’t change the DNA sequence. What they change is the way those cells read the genes. It can be used to describe the study of stable long-term alterations in transcriptional potential of a cell that are not necessarily heritable. The difference between simple genetics and epigenetics is that simple genetics is based on the changes to DNA‚ and the changes that occur in gene expression or cellular phenotype have other
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