I. INTELLECTUAL‚ RELIGIOUS‚ & POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS IN THE 15TH & 16TH CENTURIES A. Chapter 17: European Renaissance and Reformation‚ 1300-1600 A.1. Italy: Birthplace of the Renaissance A.1.a.i. Setting the Stage The late Middle Ages saw a suffering Europe. The plague and war took their toll‚ and the survivors began to question the Church‚ and their spirit of survival inspired northern Italian writers and artists to begin experimenting with different styles. a. Italy’s Advantages The Renaissance
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There was an argument between two great scholars‚ Robert Kolb and Hans Kung on whether Martin Luther’s reform improved the lives of European Christians. Kolb agreed that martin Luther made a positive impact on European Christians and he concluded that Luther was a prophetic hero‚ teacher and that Luther brought change and hope to the people. Kung on the other hand believes that Luther was a great orchestrator of change in the Christian church but also an indirect instigator of the violence and oppression
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and economics. The Baroque Era began with the Counter-Reformation and ended with two types of revolutions‚ political and industrial‚ that changed the world. The baroque was also a period of scientific innovation led by the discoveries of Descartes and Galileo. Science was no longer based on Greek ideals or religious dogma‚ but on reason and empirical laws. The counter-reformation was The Catholic Church’s response to the Protestant Reformation. The church fathers emphasized art rather than textbooks
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oder Tragisch? An Analysis of the “Ninety-Five Theses Rap” In Light of the Textual Evidence of Martin Luther An iconic figure of the Protestant Reformation‚ Martin Luther was not solely a theologian; he was a monk‚ a priest‚ and a fervent Doctor in Biblia‚ or professor of the Bible. Moreover‚ Luther is more widely known‚ especially by the German Protestant population‚ as the übermensch who is celebrated for calling into question the authority of a corrupt Church‚ for fearlessness of passion for
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Guide Hey guys add whoever you want to this. ok sure‚ thanks Nick! Dates 1517 - start of protestant reformation (95 theses) 1521- Diet of Worms 1545- Council of Trent (start of counter-reformation) 1555- Peace of Augsburg 1555-late 1500s - height of spain 1618- Start of 30 years war 1648- Peace of Westphalia (end of Counter reformation) New Heaven and Earth -Evangelicals / Protestants 1529 -List 8 MAJOR criticisms of the Church · Indulgences · Moral behavior of clergy
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From Religious Reform to Global Conflict: How Martin Luther Caused World War II Martin Luther’s influence on history is common knowledge. However‚ the extent of his influence is not. One can simply look at the events following Luther’s actions to understand their real impact. Protestantism‚ initiated by Martin Luther‚ set off a chain reaction that eventually led to the American Revolution. That revolution‚ and its outcome‚ led the French to start a revolt against their own king. The French
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ALTERNATIVE VIEWS 7 RITSCHL ON LUTHER 10 CONCLUSION 11 INTRODUCTION The doctrine of justification is certainly one of the most influential concepts underlying the Protestant Reformation. Accordingly‚ the distinct breakthrough Luther experienced regarding iustitia Dei‚ the righteousness of God‚ within the context of the Protestant doctrine of justification has been a topic of significant debate. This paper will prove that Luther’s view of the nature of iustitia Dei culminates in an iustitia Christi
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The Renaissance was the rebirth of the European civilization promptly after the Middle Ages. Spreading across Europe from its birthplace in Italy‚ The Renaissance spanned from the 14th to the 16th centuries and was a time of great cultural and social change in Europe. This time period was distinguished by creativity‚ imagination‚ and innovation. This was also the time during which Europe’s classical past was recreated and revisited . What inspired people’s cultural movements during The Renaissance
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Wars have defined the history of Europe. They have stimulated turning points in both culture and knowledge and have effectively changed the futures of many European countries. Wars have been started for multitude of reasons; however as the years have progressed the catalyst of these wars have shifted with the qualms of both the government and society. Initially‚ many of the European wars were provoked by religious differences. Later on wars were started over governmental changes and after that they
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Luther ~ 95 Theses‚ 1517 ~ excommunicated‚ 1520 * claimed the Pope wasn’t infallible * began the Protestant Reformation 2. Henry VIII ~ broke from Rome 1534 * headed the church * officially changed England to Protestant country & began Protestant Reformation in England 3. John Calvin ~ leaves Catholic church‚ 1534 ~ publishes Institutes of the Christian Religion‚ 1536
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