Lab Report Experiments : 1. PCR . 2. Protein extraction and purification . 3. Protein concentration determination . 4. SDS-PAGE . 1. The aim of experiments : 2.1 The aim of PCR experiment is to replicate some DNA dimmers by using specific enzymes used for replication in vitro which is done in lab not by living organisms. 2.2 The aim of protein extraction and purification experiment is to extract some proteins and purify them by specific methods. 2
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Polymers-the largest of the macromolecules. These are composed of numerous‚ small identical subunits known as Monomers. There are 4 major polymers that are important for living organisms. These polymers are; carbohydrates‚ lipids‚ proteins and nucleic acids. B. Polymers are referred to as being organic compounds. Organic compounds are compounds that contain the elements carbon and hydrogen. 1. Chemical Properties of Carbon a. Carbon has 6 electrons. What is the structure
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Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. Amino acids bind together to form polypeptide chains‚ and these polypeptides fold and coil together into specific conformations to form proteins. There are 20 different amino acids‚ each amino acid consisting of four distinct partners. The first is a carboxyl group. A carboxyl group has very weak acids that are able to donate hydrogen ions to biological reactions. The second partner is the amino acid group. Amino acid groups act as the base which‚
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apparatus Mitochondria Lysosomes Cell membrane Cell membrane is a thin‚ elastically‚ living semi permeable membrane so it controls what goes in and out of the cells. Cell membrane is also made up of two layers of lipids with protein molecules between them which are called phospholipids bilayer. The outer side of each layers is hydrophobic (water hating) while the inward facing lipid chain that touch the water are hydrophilic (water-loving). Phospholipids act as building blocks
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Lipids‚ Proteins‚ and Nucleic Acids. Carbohydrates Carbohydrates are made up of carbon‚ hydrogen‚ and oxygen. It provides energy for the body‚ especially the brain and the nervous system. The food sources are in sugar and grains. Lipids Lipids are made up of hydrogen‚ carbon and oxygen. It provides Energy storage‚ acting as structural components of cell membranes‚ and hormone production. The food sources are in fatty acids‚ dairy‚ and trygycerols. Proteins Proteins are
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– The Proteins and Amino Acids Chapter Learning Objectives 6.1 State why some amino acids are essential‚ nonessential‚ or conditionally essential to the human body‚ and outline how the body builds a protein molecule. 6.2 Describe the digestion of protein and the absorption and transport of amino acids in the body. 6.3 List the roles that various proteins and amino acids can play in the body‚ and describe the influence of carbohydrate on amino acid metabolism. 6.4 Compute the daily protein need
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Introduction Milk is one of the resources in United States that is most common. Thus‚ casein has been long studied because of its obtainability. Many has did research on its properties to maximize its potential usage. Casein is the main protein present in milk and cheese. It will precipitate when it reached pH 4.9 at 20C. The percentage of casein in nitrogen can be vary depend on species. For example‚ casein represent up to 40% in human milk while 80% in bovine. Casein contains phosphorus
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9/4/2014 Fillers within Protein Supplements Local gym enthusiasts are trying to reveal if certain new dietary supplements will actually help them gain muscle mass by providing high levels of protein. Before the users consume the new supplements they want to know if they are indeed true protein supplements or if the manufacturer used fillers as a mean to make more profit. “Do the new supplements contain fillers such as sugar and starch or are they pure protein?” This is important
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can have a little of what you fancy without causing major disruption to your body. The right combination of carbohydrates‚ protein and fat eaten at regular intervals will help keep energy levels high. 2. Increase Protein: Eating healthy high protein snacks will help keep your blood-sugar levels even so that you don’t have energy ’highs’ and ’lows’. Aim for half protein & half carb per snack...Ie: Cashew Butter & Celery‚ Houmous & Cucumber‚ Ham & Melon or Fruit & natural nuts & seeds are just
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Ribosomes Most foods from the four food groups contain protein. Protein is manufactured by the ribosome. In contrast to ribosomes‚ ricin breaks up proteins and blocks protein synthesis. In that perspective‚ ribosomes can be seen helpful and ricin as useless and lethal to a somatic cell. Luckily‚ since ricin can stop protein synthesis‚ ricin is being experimented to block diseases’ protein synthesis. After blocking the disease cells‚ ricin needs to be controlled from harming the somatic cells. Through
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