organisation‚ achievement of efficiency in production or cost minimisation for a given production activity appear to be one of the prime concern of the managers In the manager’s effort to minimise production costs‚ the fundamental questions he or she faces are: (f) How can production be optimized or costs minimised? (g) What will be the beaviour of output as inputs increase? (h) How does technology help in reducing production costs? (i) How can the least-cost combination of inputs be achieved? (j)
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questioned if the current cost-management system was providing the management with accurate data about product costs. In a traditional‚ volume-based product-costing system‚ only a single predetermine overhead rate is used. All manufacturing-overhead costs are combined into one cost pool‚ a grouping of individual indirect cost items‚ and they are applied to products on the basis of a single variable that costs over a given time span (cost driver) that is closely related to production volume. The most frequently
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assimilative capacity of the environment it becomes pollution. This seminar focuses on LEAN productions‚ which aims at elimination of wastes there by reducing the environmental degradation. CONTENTS 1. Introduction 2. Lean production system 3. Basic elements of lean manufacturing 4. Overview of lean production system 5. Lean techniques 6. Characteristics of lean 7. Benefits of implementing lean
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have done above is a “full-cost” analysis. This is in contrast to a “direct-cost” analysis that ignores overhead costs. Is full cost the right metric for job profitability and customer profitability? What assumptions are we making about the variability of overhead costs when we do a “full-cost” analysis? By allocating the overhead costs to jobs and customers there is an implicit assumption that these are variable with the cost driver. In reality‚ some of the overhead costs are fixed‚ at least in the
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Scope of Production Management‚ Functions of Production Management‚ Production Systems‚ responsibilities of Production manager. Production Planning & Control (PPC)‚ Objectives of PPC. PM – Introduction Production Management (PM) is about the transformation of production and operational inputs into "outputs" that‚ when distributed‚ meet the needs of customers. The Subject of Production Management is studied under different Headings-such as Production Planning and control‚ Production and Inventory
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ANSWERS Answer 1: * Vendor-managed inventory (VMI) is a family of business models in which the buyer of a product (business) provides certain information to a vendor (supply chain)supplier of that product and the supplier takes full responsibility for maintaining an agreed inventory of the material‚ usually at the buyer’s consumption location (usually a store). A third-party logistics provider can also be involved to make sure that the buyer has the required level of inventory by adjusting
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Production systems What is a production system? An apparel production system is an integration of material handling production process‚ personnel and the equipment that directs work flow and generates finished products. Different types of production systems are • Progressive bundle system • Unit production system • Modular production system Each system requires an appropriate management philosophy‚ materials handling methods‚ floor layout
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500 v. Production cost per unit can be reduced by (a). producing more with increased inputs. (b). producing more with same inputs. (c). eliminating idle time. (d). minimizing resource waste. 4. State the benefits of improvement in productivity to various stakeholders associated with a business entity. Ans. Productivity refers to the physical relation between the quality produced (output) and the quantity of resource used in the course of production (input) Productivity
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Production Analysis unit 5 Unit 5 Structure 5.1 5.2 Introduction Objectives Meaning of production and production function 5.2.1 Uses of production function 5.2.2 Production function with one variables input case 5.2.3 Production function with two variable input 5.2.4 Long run production function 5.2.5 Economies of scale 5.2.6 Diseconomies of scale 5.2.7 Internalisation of external economies 5.2.8 Externalisation of internal diseconomies 5.2.9 Economies of scope
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Production Cycle The production cycle is a set of business activities and data processing operations associated with the manufacturing of products. Louwers (2007) points out that “the production cycle is closely linked to the acquisition cycle in which goods and services are purchased and to the revenue cycle in which the inventory is sold (p. 328). As products cycle through the stages from raw goods all the way through finished goods‚ the production cycle is concerned with how to account for
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