including; What long-term investments should the firm undertake (capital budgeting) and how will investment and finance decisions affect the firm ’s value (valuation)? How can cash be raised for the required investments? This is known as the financing decision ’ (cost of capital‚ capital structure and leasing). How will the firm manage its day-to-day cash and financial affairs (short-term financing and net working capital)? The Capital Budgeting Mini Case presents a financial decision
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Capital Structure In finance‚ the term “capital structure” refers to the way a firm finances its assets. Generally speaking‚ there are two main forms of capital structure: debt financing and equity financing (Cumming 52; Myers‚ 83). Each type has its own advantages and disadvantages‚ and an essential task for the successful manager of a firm is to find an optimal capital structure in terms of risk and reward for stockholders. When making decisions that affect capital structure‚ managers must be
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Pfizer Inc.’S Cost of Capital and Capital structure - Xiaoyue Shi The costs of capital and capital structures for Pfizer Inc. and its two competitors Merck & Co. Inc. and Johnson & Johnson in the pharmaceutical industry are analyzed in this memo. When calculating the cost of common stock for the three companies‚ three different approaches including Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM)‚ Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) and the bond yield plus risk premium are applied (Appendix A). For CAPM approach
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Capital structure describes how a corporation has organized its capital—how it obtains the financial resources with which it operates its business. Businesses adopt various capital structures to meet both internal needs for capital and external requirements for returns on shareholders investments. As shown on its balance sheet‚ a company’s capitalization is constructed from three basic blocks: Long-term debt. By standard accounting definition‚ long-term debt includes obligations that are not
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managementjournal.info RESEARCH ARTICLE An Empirical Analysis of Capital Structure on Firms’ Performance in Nigeria Taiwo Adewale Muritala* Department of Economics and Financial Studies‚ Fountain University Osogbo‚ Osun State‚ Nigeria. *Correspondence E-mail: muritaiwo@yahoo.com Abstract This paper examines the optimum level of capital structure through which a firm can increase its financial performance using annual data of ten firms spanning a five-year period. The results from Im‚ Pesaran & Shine
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117 Capital Market - Clearing and Settlement IS M R Capital Market - Clearing and Settlement Introduction The transactions in secondary market pass through three distinct phases‚ viz.‚ trading‚ clearing and settlement. While the stock exchanges provide the platform for trading‚ the clearing corporation determines the funds and securities obligations of the trading members and ensures that the trade is settled through exchange of obligations. The clearing banks and the depositories provide
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financial risks is the debt to total capitalization ratio. This ratio measures the portion of a company’s total capital structure that is financed by debts. The ratio is calculated as: According to the balance sheet dated May 31‚ 2014‚ Nike had a total debt of $1.373 billion‚ and total shareholders’ equity of $10.824 billion. Computing these numbers gives a debt to total capital ratio of 11.26%. The balance sheet of Nike shows that there is no preferred stock offered by the company but
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Capital Structure 7 July 2013 Introduction The capital structure for a company can be very important for the success of the company. Many aspects of the business must be evaluated in order to determine the appropriate capital structure. Throughout this paper‚ three companies will be evaluated. The three companies being evaluated are eBay (NasdaqGS: EBAY)‚ The Clorox Company (NYSE: CLX)‚ and Alaska Air Group Inc. (NYSE: ALK). Company Overview eBay is a very popular company
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STRATEGY AND STRUCTURE  Top managers perceptions of the market structure and firms strengths and weaknesses determine their choice of corporate strategy and organisational structure  Both corporate strategy and organisational structure influence the economic performance of the firm and the market in which it sells  One of the main goals for strategy implementation is to achieve synergy between functions and business units (Hunger and Wheelen) Organisational Structure 
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Capital Structure and Debt Structure* Joshua D. Rauh Kellogg School of Management and NBER Amir Sufi University of Chicago Booth School of Business and NBER February 2010 *We thank Doug Diamond‚ Anil Kashyap‚ Gordon Phillips‚ Michael Roberts‚ Toni Whited‚ Luigi Zingales‚ and seminar participants at Emory University‚ Georgetown University‚ Maastricht University‚ Rice University‚ Tilburg University‚ the University of California-Berkeley‚ the University of Chicago‚ the University of Colorado
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