philanthropic employers began to develop a paternalistic care and concern for their employees. From the 1890s Quaker employers‚ for example‚ Cadbury and Rowntree‚ began to emphasize welfare by appointing ’industrial welfare ’ workers and building model factory villages. It was estimated that by 1914 there were probably between 60 and 70 welfare workers in Britain (Farnham‚ 1990). In the USA‚ Henry Ford ’s autoplant‚ for example‚ established a ’Sociological Department ’ to administer personnel
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Fred Fiedler developed the first comprehensive contingency model for leadership Fiedler’s contingency model proposes that effective group performance depends on the proper match between the leader’s style and the degree to which the situation gives control to the leader. The model consists of three steps. The first step is identifying the leadership style. To find out the leadership style Fiedler created the least preferred co-worker questionnaire. The questionnaire measures whether a person is
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understand the process of changing addictive behaviors is a model of intentional behavior change called the transtheoretical model. Transtheoretical model (also known as the stages- of- change theory) suggests that one of the major challenges in substance abuse treatment is to “creatively adapt to the complexities of change using a selection of change processes dependent upon individual’s readiness" (Diclemente‚ C. C.‚ p. 2‚ 1999). In this model‚ there are three critical elements in the change process:
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Theories o Role Theory o The Managerial Grid Participative Leadership o Lewin’s leadership styles o Likert’s leadership styles Situational Leadership o Hersey and Blanchard’s Situational Leadership o Vroom and Yetton’s Normative Model o House’s Path-Goal Theory of Leadership Contingency Theories o Fiedler’s Least Preferred Co-worker (LPC) Theory o Cognitive Resource Theory o Strategic Contingencies Theory Transactional Leadership o Leader-Member Exchange (LMX)
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Everything You Wanted to Know About Logic Models But Were Afraid to Ask This paper addresses situations where a private foundation designs an initiative and awards grants to a number of sites to participate in the initiative in their local setting. The basic ideas are applicable to other situations. What is a Logic Model? The term "logic model" comes from the evaluation field‚ but these models don’t just belong to evaluators or the evaluation plan. As the term suggests‚ they are a basic
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A model is a simplified representation of some aspect of the world. In what ways may models help or hinder the research for knowledge? A model by definition is “a schematic description of a system‚ theory‚ or phenomenon that accounts for its known or inferred properties and may be used for further study of its characteristics”(source) that implies that a model is supposed to be a helping hand while searching for knowledge in any subject. Sometimes however models can appear to be quite confusing
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Hello Everyone‚ As a part of today’s discussion I would like to bring forward a rural healthcare system which is followed in India in the recent past. This is called the portable health care model. There is shortage of human resources‚ poorly trained providers‚ poor quality of care‚ lack of drugs‚ equipment and ineffective referral systems. These are responsible for the lack of progress in reducing maternal mortality and in providing basic reproductive and maternal health services and act as
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long and tiresome and the models do not get enough meal breaks or sleep. The Council of Fashion Designers of America‚ in the past‚ has made weak efforts to enforce the regulations for models that are underage. Young models are developing eating disorders and unhealthy body image due to the pressure to be the size that the fashion industry requires. The Council of Fashion Designers of America (CFDA) should make the rules stricter about the work environments for underage models because they are malnourished
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The Iowa model is one of the most effective model an administrator may use within an organization when practice change is warranted and supported by the best available evidence. The Iowa Model was developed in the 1990’s by a group of clinicians at the University of Iowa Hospital. The clinicians were members of the nursing’s research committee who were working on an evidenced based project that was within their specialties field. In 1994 the original model was published as a heuristic model. The term
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The extended rivalry that results from all five forces defines an industry’s structure and shapes the nature of competitive interaction within an industry. The global auto industry‚ for instance‚ appears to have nothing in common with the worldwide market for art masterpieces or the heavily regulated health-care delivery industry in Europe. But to understand industry competition and profitability in each of those three cases‚ one must analyze the industry’s underlying structure in terms of the
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