responsible for the largest amounts of natural gas (Foote et al.‚ 1988). In a petroleum system like the Smackover Formation‚ it is important for traps to be present so that the hydrocarbons are unable to escape. However‚ Locklin‚ 1984‚ page 41‚ makes a clear argument why "apparent Upper Jurassic reservoir rocks have not trapped hydrocarbons more frequently." He reasons that potentially “large faults have caused breaking of mineralized seals and created excessive fracturing along a fault plane‚ which allowed
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peptide bonds to occur. The second set of tests are the “Specific Tests”‚this involves carrying out three separate tests. The first being the “(3)Test for Aromatic Amino Acids” which is used to differentiate between aromatic and non aromatic amino acids. In theory what should happen is that the nitric acid and ammonia react with the aromatic ring and gives a coloured salt compound. When Nitric acid is heated with a protein like tyrosine it gives off a yellow colour ‚or tryptophan and orange colour
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industrial fractional distillation of crude oil. (i) Identify fraction A. (ii) What property of the fractions allows them to be separated in the column? (2) (b) A gas oil fraction from the distillation of crude oil contains hydrocarbons in the C15 to C19 range. These hydrocarbons can be cracked by strong heating. (i) Write the molecular formula for the alkane with 19 carbon atoms. (ii) Name the type of reaction involved in cracking. (iii) Write an equation for one possible cracking reaction of
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Use of Personal Protective Equipment 1. Purpose It is a requirement of the School of Chemistry and the University that appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) be employed to minimise risks which may be present within a laboratory or workplace. This guideline discusses the various basic types of which are available to laboratory workers‚ briefly outlining their use‚ application and maintenance. 2. Scope This procedure applies to all personnel working in the School of Chemistry laboratories
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Kohat-Potwar Oil and Gas Exploration and Production The first oil well drilled in present-day Pakistan was at Kundal on the Potwar Plateau in 1866. The first commercial oil discovery was made in the Greater Indus Basin in 1914 when the Attock Oil Company completed a 214 ft well on a thrust-faulted anticline near Khaur on the Potwar Plateau (Khan and others‚ 1986). Early success in the Kohat-Potwar geologic province served to focus much of the early exploration activity in that area. The Sui
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source‚ rendering the contaminants harmless or less toxic products in most cases. This paper summarizes the general processes of bioremediation within the soil environment‚ focusing on biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons. The effect of soil conditions on rate of biodegradation of hydrocarbons is addressed. Further‚ limitations and potential of both ex situ and in situ bioremediation as viable alternatives to conventional remediation are explained and addressed. Many substances known to have toxic
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product composed of hydrocarbon deposits. It is a fossil fuel‚ meaning that it was made naturally from decaying plants and animals. Crude oils vary in color‚ from clear to tar-black‚ and in viscosity‚ from water to almost solid. Crude oil can be refined to produce usable products such as gasoline‚ diesel and various forms of petrochemicals and as such‚ are a useful starting point for many different substances. Crude oil is also a naturally occurring hydrocarbon. Hydrocarbons are molecules that contain
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Retrieved from http://www.tutornext.com/scope-organic-chemistry/ 14431 StasoSphere. (2007-2009). Organic Acids. Retrieved from http://chestofbooks.com/health/natural-cure/the-Hygienic-System-Orthotrophy/Chapter-VIII-Organic-Acids.html UnSaturated Hydrocarbon Information and Discussion
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BreadTalk – Boutique Bakery A Contemporary Lifestyle Concept BreadTalk opened in Singapore in July 2000 with a revolutionary take on the bread industry. Entering the market with its new concept of a boutique bakery‚ it shook up the bakery industry with its innovative and creative products. Currently the market leader in the new concept bakery‚ BreadTalk was listed in June 2003 on the Singapore Exchange‚ giving customers a stake in the popular bakery. BreadTalk has close to 200 varieties of
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Introduction The purpose of this experiment is to synthesize methyl nitrobenzoate from methyl benzoate‚ concentrated HNO3‚ and concentrated H2SO4 via an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. Reaction Procedures/ Observations Use a 50 ml beaker to cool about 6 ml of concentrated sulfuric acid in an ice water bath. Weigh the vial containing about 3 grams of methyl benzoate and add it to the cooled sulfuric acid. Next pour about 2 ml of sulfuric acid to the nitric acid in the vial
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