PARADIP REFINERY BOOT-3 COMMISSIONING MANUAL OF CRUDE SYSTEM PREPARED BY : IOT INFRASTRUCTURE AND ENERGY SERVICES LIMITED NOVEMBER’ 2013 CRUDE SYSTEM COMMISSIONING MANUAL INDEX CHAPTER-1 : INTRODUCTION AND SYSTEM DETAILS CHAPTER-2: COMMISSIONING METHODOLOGY CRUDE TANK COMMISSIONING A) CRUDE TANK COMMISSIONING BY GRAVITATION OF PHBPL CRUDE B) CRUDE TANK COMMISSIONING BY CRUDE FROM SPM DIRECTLY C) COMMISSIONING OF SOUTH JETTY CRUDE D) COMMISSIONING OF CRUDE
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Catalytic Processes Conversion of Heavy Residues Treatment of Refinery Gas streams INTRODUCTION: Oil refining is a key activity in the CPI. Over 600 refineries worldwide have a total annual capacity of more than 3500 x 106 tonnes. Goal of oil refining is twofold: i. production of fuels for transportation‚ power generation and heating; and ii. production of raw materials for the CPI. Oil refineries are complex plants but are relatively mature and highly integrated.
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(Question 11 is worth 20 points) 4. Pollution isn’t always caused by human activity. The term pollution can be applied when the composition of something has been modified by the presence of one or more substances that either it cannot be used for a specific purpose or it is less suitable for that use than it was in its natural state. Nature pollutes water with leaves that fall off the trees and decay‚ animal waste‚ and oil seepages. 5. A major source of water pollution results from agricultural practices
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Oil Palm in Malaysia A gift from nature. A gift for life. About Palm Oil The oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) is an ancient tropical plant from the West African tropical rainforest region. It is still being cultivated there as well as across the tropics. Palm oil is extracted from the mesocarp of the fruit of an oil palm species. In Malaysia‚ the high yielding tenera‚ which is a cross between dura and pisifera species‚ is the most commonly cultivated palm tree. Basically‚ there are two main products
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All time-management courses boil down to one basic piece of advice: set priorities and allocate the bulk of your time to tasks that are crucial to meeting your goals. Minimize interruptions and spend big chunks of your time in productive and creative activity. Unfortunately‚ current information systems encourage the opposite approach‚ leading to an interrupt-driven workday and reduced productivity. Here are six steps to regaining control of your day: Don’t check your email all the time. Set
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WATER POLLUTION IN CHINA River like blood in Roxian‚ Guangxi About one third of the industrial waste water and more than 90 percent of household sewage in China is released into rivers and lakes without being treated. Nearly 80 percent of China’s cities (278 of them) have no sewage treatment facilities and few have plans to build any and underground water supplies in 90 percent of the cites are contaminated. Water shortages and water pollution in China are such a problem that the World Bank
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United States Environmental Protection Agency Office of Water 4304 EPA-822-B-01-003 October 2001 Nutrient Criteria Technical Guidance Manual Estuarine and Coastal Marine Waters U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Nutrient Criteria Technical Guidance Manual Estuarine and Coastal Marine Waters October 2001 Disclaimer This manual provides technical guidance to States‚ Indian Tribes‚ and other authorized jurisdictions to establish water quality criteria and standards under the
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OPERATION OF THE REFINERY ‚WITHDRAWAL OF OIL SUBSIDIES AND APPROPRIATE PRICING IN A LIBERALISED ECONOMY. . INTRODUCTION. Nigeria is blessed with vast quantity of oil making it the 6th largest oil exporter in the organization of petroleum exporting country. Oil is a major source of energy in Nigeria and the world in general. Oil being the mainstay of the Nigerian economy plays a vital role in shaping the economic and political destiny of the country. Although Nigeria’s oil industry was founded
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The Era of Pollution is Over Pollution is an occurrence that is happening more and more every day; it affects many essential aspects. Air envelops the Earth and makes all life possible. Humans alone breathe 35 pounds of air every day. Our Earth’s atmosphere shields us from harmful cosmic radiation. By allowing pollution to continue as Earth inhabitants we are opening ourselves to outside harm. Pollution is also affecting the Earth’s water supply causing harm to millions of people and other life
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individuals feel they can have no effect on them. Problems like oil spills‚ hazardous waste‚ loss of rain forests‚ endangered species‚ acid rain‚ the ozone layer‚ the municipal waste crisis can feel out of our control. At the very least‚ these problems require group and corporate action or government intervention. However‚ there are some things the individual can control. Our waste reduction and recycling activities can make a difference. Pollution is the introduction of substances or energy into the environment
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