Reasons of using substances: to aid religious practices to explore the self to alter moods to treat disease to promote and enhance social interaction sharing drugs can be intimate like sharing food/coffee‚ etc. to enhance sensory experience and pleasure to stimulate artistic creativity Coleridge and Opium Dream Huichol Indians and Peyote Diego Rivera and marijuana Jackson Pollock and alcohol substances like alcohol stimulate creativity‚ but in time‚ it destroys creativity when the dependence
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after placing it in the cup‚ it looks like that the straw is broken or cracked because of the light refraction‚ but you understand that it is not broken or cracked. Mill/Bentham Chapter Questions Mill’s theory of higher pleasures states that when it comes down to pleasures and satisfaction‚ people tend to set these empirical grounds for these
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basic principle should govern our behavior. That basic principle is that our actions should maximize happiness for all‚ not just yourself. Happiness means the pleasure and the absence of pain. When Kant talks about pleasure‚ he does not mean physical pleasure such as sex or eating. Pleasure should be associated with intellectual and moral pleasures. An example of this principle is the Golden Rule. I have been aware of the Golden Rule ever since I started school and it has become a valued rule in today’s
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Absolutist An absolutist is a rule that is true in all situations. The rule says things are basically right‚ no matter what the circumstances‚ there is no room for manoeuvre. What makes an ethic deontological is that it pays no regard to consequences‚ as the name makes clear‚ coming from the Greek duty. For example stealing is always wrong. It makes no difference who does it‚ what the reasons were‚ what culture they live in o whether it took place hundreds of years ago. Stealing is just one of those
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BOOK I Q1. Briefly explain a) What Aristotle means by “Good‚” b) How he understands goods as following in hierarchy. A1. According to Aristotle‚ Good is something on which all things aim like every art‚ every inquiry‚ every action and pursuit. Although every action aims at good‚ their ends are different. B) Goods according to him fall in hierarchy as if medical science is aiming at good then the ending has to be related to health. Similarly‚ a house is good in term of providing a means
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them pain despite the rule of greatest happiness and pleasure - utilitarianism. However in the contrary it is really right that by giving it encourages them to become lazy and to be dependent on us‚ but what we are looking here is our act how we respond to them. That is our focal point giving them or not giving them by the prospect of utilitarianism in which we should act in such way that our actions produce the greatest happiness or pleasure. Whatever will be the consequences on how they used the
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Diogenes of Sinope He believed that virtue was better revealed in action than in theory. He used his simple lifestyle and behaviour to criticise the social values and institutions of what he saw as a corrupt society. He declared himself a cosmopolitan. Diogenes made a virtue of poverty. He begged for a living and slept in a large ceramic jar[4] in the marketplace. He became notorious for his philosophical stunts such as carrying a lamp in the daytime‚ claiming to be looking for an honest man. He
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He states in the article that “you can’t very well go around stealing food off others people’s plates just because you are hungry‚ or forcing unwilling partners into bed. If you do‚ you will quickly end up suffering a great deal more pain than any pleasure you might have enjoyed” (Zmirak). Epicurus is saying that in the beginning what you are doing is fun and you maybe even want to do what you were doing even longer and more but eventually you will get caught‚ if you are doing something illegally‚
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Animal Rights Throughout history morality has been a topic of intense debate. Innumerable thinkers have devoted immense amounts of time and energy to the formulation of various ethical theories intended to assist humans in their daily lives. These theories set out guidelines which help to determine the rightness or wrongness of any given action and can therefore illuminate which choice would be morally beneficial. And while many of these theories differ substantially‚ most have at least one common
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regardless of personal confusion. If one has a difficult decision to make‚ Utilitarianism is a simple principle that can be applied to make that decision‚ or solve conflicts of self-interest. Conveniently‚ utilitarianism uses a common denominator pleasure or happiness to which consequences of actions are reduced. This allows for a calculation‚ so to speak‚ to be performed‚ and one’s moral duty to be determined‚ regardless of how complex and challenging the actual case is. For example‚ an underage
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