evaluate Bowlby’s theory of attachment (12 marks) Bowlby was an evolutionary Psychologist who believed that attachment is a part of evolutionary behaviour and focus on an animal’s instinctive and innate capabilities‚ and the functions of their behaviour. They believe this is useful for learning about human instinctive and biological behaviour. Attachment behaviour keeps a young animal or human safe. It is behaviour seen in all species of animal. Many species of animal form rapid attachments to either mother
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John Bowlby first introduced the theory of emotional attachment in the 1960’s when he conducted research on toddlers who were hospitalized for long periods of time due to chronic illnesses (Shaffer‚ 2009). In his observations he noticed how children slowly began to show signs of apathy and unresponsiveness to toys as well as other people and eventually showed indifference towards the presence and absence of their mothers (Shaffer‚ 2009). However the most concerning result of all this was the toddlers
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Cognitive Dissonance Theory was proposed by psychologist Leon Festinger to reason as to why humans change their behavior. According to Festinger‚ an individual has their beliefs (their perception of something) and these beliefs need to mirror their actions/behaviors in order for them to be at an equilibrium. If these two things are not aligned then this creates cognitive dissonance. It was proposed that‚ because humans do not like to be out of alignment‚ they will be motivated to either change their
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Combating Adult Obesity: A Social Cognitive Approach to Reduce Local Obesity Overview of the Program Focus The health crisis of obesity is becoming an epidemic in the United States. Currently in America‚ more than two thirds of all adults are either clinically overweight or obese (The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases‚ 2012). Within the population of obese individuals nationally‚ adults within the age group of 40 to 59 have the highest prevalence rate of obesity
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Human Life Course Development (92431) Assessment 1: Developmental theory‚ self-reflection and clinical judgement Do early childhood experiences impact the person across their lifespan? Introduction: The early childhood experiences/events of an individual shape their personality‚ growth‚ development‚ and goes on to have many positive/negative effects on their later life‚ depending on the childhood experiences. Personality ‘refers to individual differences in characteristic patterns of thinking‚
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Humanism‚ behaviorism‚ and the cognitive theory Depending on how you look at it humanists‚ behaviorists‚ and cognitivists can be very different or very much alike. When looking at the three side by side humanists are the least structured‚ behaviorists are the most structured‚ and cognitivists fall somewhere in between. Each theory has its own ideas and ways of learning. Humanism believes learning occurs primarily through reflection on personal experiences. Cognitivism thinks learning occurs
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accomplish the same goal. The examples you provided explaining the Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy theory really helped me understand how the theory in practice could help others. Personally‚ I feel most at ease with the Person-Centered Theory because I believe through one’s strengths one is able to get through whatever situation you are encountering. I also resonate with the closeness that is felt between the client and therapist in this theory type. Person-Centered counseling focuses on‚ “how the client
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single theory. Due to its complexities‚ there are two main theories currently being taught and debated: social-cognitive-theory and hypnosis as dissociation (“the hidden observer”). Currently‚ there is no way to prove or disprove either theory. The prudent thing to do is research both to gain the most proficient understanding of hypnosis. After researching both‚ one might find a higher agreement with the social-cognitive-theory. Before a decision is made‚ a closer look at both theories is in
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depression (In-Depth‚ 2016). CBT works by changing people’s attitudes and their behavior by focusing on the thoughts‚ images‚ beliefs and attitudes that are held‚ a person’s cognitive processes and how these processes relate to the way a person behaves‚ as a way of dealing with emotional problems. My client relates to this theory because his thoughts effects is mode. When he is having negative thoughts‚ he acts out negatively towards other
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The Cognitive Association Theory discusses drug addiction through others‚ individuals value‚ attitudes‚ and motives for criminal behavior. The addiction of the drug is used by withdrawal of distress‚ but without the absence of withdrawal‚ then one does not become addicted. The addiction is quick and permanent‚ especially if one uses other drugs. Some have solid concrete evidence support for this theory. Thio‚ Taylor‚ and Schwartz‚ state‚ “among patients who have been given morphine to kill their
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