cephalization 1.2: Unicellular and multicellular organization (Salient features with examples of phyla‚ subphyla and classes mentioned below) 1.2.1: Unicellular organization: Phylum Protozoa 1.2.2: Multicellular organization: Colonization level- Phylum Porifera 1.2.3: Multicellular organization: Division of labour (Cell diferentiation)Phylum Coelenterata 1.3 Triploblastic acoelomate and pseudocoelomate organization
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"soft")‚ which is generally protected by a hard‚ calcium- containing shell. In some forms however‚ the shell has been lost in the course of evolution‚ as in slugs and octopuses‚ or greatly reduced in size and internalized‚ as in squids. Mollusks (Phylum Mollusca) are found in marine‚ brackish‚ and fresh waters. They include a diverse group of animals such as clams‚ mussels‚ oysters‚ scallops‚ abalone‚ conchs‚ shipworms‚ snails‚ nudibranchs‚ chitons‚ squids‚ and octopuses. Common methods of introduction
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Cytochrome-C Comparison Brief Description: The molecular clock refers to mutations in DNA nucleotide sequence of genes occurring at a constant rate over time. The greater the difference in nucleotide sequence between two individuals of different species‚ the greater the amount of time has passed since they diverged from a common ancestor. The molecular clock helps to provide evidence to support conclusions previously based on comparative morphology and fossil records. Hypothesis: One hypothesis
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Watson Aquatic Science P.5 3/23/2013 Invertebrate Research – Stove Pipe Sponge If a diver or went snorkeling‚ it would be very lucky to find the Aplysina archeri‚ also known as the Stove Pipe Sponge. This sponge is in the Kingdom of Animalia‚ Phylum of Porifera‚ Class of Demosphongiae‚ Order of Verongida‚ Family of Aplysinidae‚ Genus of Aplysina‚ and Species of A. archeri. This sponge gets its name from its cylindrical shape and long tube like structure. It can grow up to 150 cm long with diameter
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M.fasciatus biodiversity issues and conservation The banded anteater (Myrmecobius Fasciatus) is a small marsupial found only in Australia. The M.fasciatus has pale fur on the underbelly and coarse reddish-brown fur above on the back which is darkest on the rump refer to figure 1 (Sydenham‚ 2012). There are four to eleven noticeable white stripes across the back between the shoulders and tail (|The Western Australian Education‚ 2013). The reason for the stripes is that it projects as an effective
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Phylum Annelida L. annelleus = little ring Annelida have bodies consisting of many essentially similar ringlike segments (somites or metameres).This segmentation usually shows in both external and internal features‚ including muscles‚ nerves‚ and circulatory‚ excretory and reproductive organs. Phylum Annelida This phylum is divided into three classes: Oligochaeta: Earthworms - Most earthworms and their equals are inhabitants of damp soil and fresh waters. Hirudinea: Leeches - The leeches
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Phylum Echinodermata Introduction • Means “spiny skin” in Greek • Echinoderms are found at every ocean depth‚ from the intertidal zone to the abyssal zone. The phylum contains about 6500-7000 living species‚ making it the second-largest grouping of deuterostomes (a superphylum)‚ after the chordates. • Echinoderms are also the largest phylum that has no freshwater or terrestrial (land-based) representatives. Defining characteristics: • A complex series of fluid-filled canals
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Phylum Chordata • The chordates occupy the highest position in the food chain. • The name phylum was derived from the characteristic which all chordates share‚ the notochord – a long‚ elongated‚ and flexible cartilaginous structure that runs the entire length of the body. (Gr. noto = the back; chorde = string) Characteristics: • A dorsal nerve cord located above the notochord‚ it runs the entire length of the body. The nerve cord is a bundle of nerve fibers that connects the
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The phylum Arthropoda is the largest and most varied in the animal kingdom. It includes well over one million described species. This represents approximately three-quarters of all known biological organisms‚ living or extinct. Countless arthropods remain undescribed (not yet named and studied)‚ and the actual number of living species could be as high as ten million or more. Some of the more well known arthropods include insects‚ crustaceans‚ and spiders‚ as well as the fossil trilobites. Arthropods
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BIOLOGY 1403 – ANIMAL BIOLOGY SP2013 Dr. Matthew Kaser Office: South Science 402 matthew.kaser@csueastbay.edu Office Hours: W 3:30-4:30 Objectives – To introduce students to the science of animals by: * Comparing the structural and functional characteristics of different animal groups in an evolutionary and ecological context. * Conducting experiments‚ collecting and analyzing data‚ and writing scientific papers‚ and through hands-on interaction with animal phyla *
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