1993‚ 1996 the oldest continent is Ur. In Rogers’ reconstructions‚ however‚ Kaapvaal and Pilbara are placed far apart already in their Gondwana configuration‚ a reconstruction contradicted by later orogenic events and incompatible with the Vaalbara hypothesis.[3]
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Factors Affecting Photosynthesis Low light intensity lowers the rate of photosynthesis. As the intensity is increased the rate also increases. However‚ after reaching an intensity of 10‚000 lux (lux is the unit for measuring light intensity) there is no effect on the rate. Very high intensity may‚ in fact‚ slow down the rate as it bleaches the chlorophyll. Normal sunlight (usually with an intensity of about 100‚000 lux) is quite sufficient for a normal rate of photosynthesis. Open and Closed
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CHAPTER 8 Introduction to Hypothesis Testing 8.1 Inferential Statistics and Hypothesis Testing LEARNING OBJECTIVES 8.2 Four Steps to Hypothesis Testing After reading this chapter‚ you should be able to: 8.3 Hypothesis Testing and Sampling Distributions 8.4 Making a Decision: Types of Error 8.5 Testing a Research Hypothesis: Examples Using the z Test 8.6 Research in Focus: Directional Versus Nondirectional Tests 8.7 Measuring the Size
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of Chlorophyll from Fresh Spinach and Investigation of the Photochemistry of Chlorophyll Chlorophyll a Chlorophyll b E5 - Extraction of Chlorophyll from Fresh Spinach E6 - Investigation of the Photochemistry of Chlorophyll The aim of this experiment is to investigate the photochemistry of chlorophyll. This experiment will be performed in two lab periods. In the first lab period you will extract chlorophyll‚ the green pigment in leaves‚ from spinach. In the second lab period
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“Accept” the Null Hypothesis by Keith M. Bower‚ M.S. and James A. Colton‚ M.S. Reprinted with permission from the American Society for Quality When performing statistical hypothesis tests such as a one-sample t-test or the AndersonDarling test for normality‚ an investigator will either reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis‚ based upon sampled data. Frequently‚ results in Six Sigma projects contain the verbiage “accept the null hypothesis‚” which implies that the null hypothesis has been proven
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Factors Limiting Photosynthesis The rate of photosynthesis increases with increasing light intensity. But too much light intensity can slow down the rate of photosynthesis because the light damages chloroplasts in the leaf. The higher the temperature the greater the rate of photosynthesis as photosynthesis is a chemical reaction and chemical reactions increase with temperature. But at temperatures above 40 C the rate slows down because the enzymes involved are destroyed
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measured in the number of bubbles produced by the plant. Three factors that influence the rate of photosynthesis can be adjusted in the simulator to determine how each of the factors affects the rate of photosynthesis. Virtual Lab PreLab Questions Q: To survive‚ what gas do we need to breathe in? __________________________________ Q: Where is this gas produced? _______________________________ A byproduct of photosynthesis in oxygen gas. Plant use some of the oxygen that they produce‚ but most of
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A hypothesis is a claim Population mean The mean monthly cell phone bill in this city is μ = $42 Population proportion Example: The proportion of adults in this city with cell phones is π = 0.68 States the claim or assertion to be tested Is always about a population parameter‚ not about a sample statistic Is the opposite of the null hypothesis e.g.‚ The average diameter of a manufactured bolt is not equal to 30mm ( H1: μ ≠ 30 ) Challenges the status quo Alternative never contains
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HYPOTHESIS TESTING WHAT IS THIS HYPOTHESIS???? • In simple words it means a mere assumption or supposition to be proved of disproved. • But‚ for a researcher it is a formal question that he intends to resolve. • Example: I assume that 1) under stress and anxiety a person goes into depression. 2) It leads to aggressive behaviour. Eg. : Students who get better counselling in a university will show a greater increase in creativity than students who were not counselled. • So‚ the hypothesis
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in a leaf and interpret the chromatogram. Hypothesis If I am to put a chromatography paper into a solvent‚ then it would separate the pigments depending on their Rf value. I think the pigments will separate in this order: Chlorophyll A‚ Chlorophyll B‚ Carotene‚ and Xanthophyll. Introduction Chlorophyll is the molecule that absorbs sunlight and uses its energy to synthesize carbohydrates from CO2 and water. This process is known as photosynthesis and is the basis for sustaining the life processes
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