Electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation 1. The mitochondrion Lec 8 A. Mitochondrial anatomy B. Mitochondrial transport systems 2. Electron transport A. Thermodynamics of electron transport B. The sequence of electron transport Lec 9 C. Complex I NADH Coenzyme Q Oxidoreductase D. Complex II succinate Coenzyme Q Oxidoreductase E. Complex III Coenzyme Q-Cytochrome c Oxidoreductase F. Complex IV Cytochrome c oxidase 3. Oxidative Phosphorylation A. The Chemiosmotic Theory
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products of the breakdown of glucose: 1. Two ATP molecules 2. Pyruvic acid If oxygen is not available‚ pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid‚ which is the end product of anaerobic respiration. 8. If oxygen is available‚ the process is known as ___aerobic_ respiration. Name two sources of oxygen: 1. Oxygen enters the muscle cell directly from the blood. 2. Oxygen is stored in myoglobin‚ an oxygen-binding protein. The aerobic pathway consists
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ATP_______________________ 2. __ 2 pyruvic acid_______________________ If oxygen is not available‚ pyruvic acid is converted to _lactic acid_________ acid‚ which is the end product of _anaerobic_____________ respiration. 8. If oxygen is available‚ the process is known as __aerobic___________ respiration. Name two sources of oxygen:
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Define the standard reduction potential. Why aerobic grow generates the highest amount of energy (ATP). How this value plays a role in organization of electron transport system. Compare Eo of aerobic and anaerobic respiration 3. Describe the flow of electron in fermentation and respiration. What happened to the electron in each of the above processes 4. Describe how enzymes are involved in chemical reactions. (activation energy‚ lowering Eo 5. Define apoenzyme andcofactor. What is the
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glycogen breaks down into ATP as well as lactic acid. This system supplies ATP slower than the Phosphocreatine system. The body cannot produce enough ATP to maintain this energy source for longer than around 2 minutes. There is a limit to anaerobic respiration because of the lactic acid. The buildup of lactic acid will end up stopping the movement of the muscles are it beings to become painful. The anaerobic energy system is commonly associated with the 400m sprint‚ 100m swim‚ most teams sports and
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carried out by living organisms. This process is carried out in two different ways: anabolic and catabolic. The catabolic breaks down large chemical compounds while anabolic synthesizes components to create larger molecules. Respiration provides energy for these reactions‚ and respiration needs oxygen to occur. Thus‚ calculating the change in oxygen can determine metabolic rate (University‚ 59). In this experiment‚ we will observe and analyze the oxygen consumption of Carassius auratus‚ also known as goldfish
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known as the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle)‚ the Krebs cycle‚ or the Szent-Györgyi-Krebs cycle‚ [1][2] — is a series of enzyme-catalysed chemical reactions‚ which is of central importance in all living cells that use oxygen as part of cellular respiration. In eukaryotic cells‚ the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. The components and reactions of the citric acid cycle were established by seminal work from Albert Szent-Györgyi and Hans Krebs. In aerobic organisms‚ the
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3-carbon molecules NO O2 - Fermentation 1. Lactic Acid – your muscles ache because of the accumulation of lactic acid. 2. Alcohol Fermentation- ethanol is fancy word for alcohol. Alcohol fermentation is alcohol + CO2 O2 Aerobic * Respiration * Mitochondria * Matrix – Krebs Cycle – C6 – gives you 2 more ATP * Innermembrane- ETS – 34 ATP Mitochondria is only involved in the presence of oxygen. * Must know pyruvate for the test. Glycolysis * Two processes
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two products of the breakdown of glucose: 1. _________________ 2. _________________ If oxygen is not available‚ pyruvic acid is converted to __________ acid‚ which is the end product of _________________ respiration. 8. If oxygen is available‚ the process is known as ______________ respiration. Name two sources of oxygen: 1. _______________________ 2. _______________________ The aerobic pathway consists of glycolysis + ________________ + ___________________. The net result of one glucose molecule
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In the Kingdom Exploration lab‚ five different organisms were observed under a microscope‚ (Yeast‚ Paramecium‚ Elodea‚ Daphnia‚ Euglena). Each of these organisms is apart of one of the six kingdoms‚ (Eubacteria‚ Archaebacteria‚ Fungi‚ Protista‚ Plantae‚ and Animalia) which are apart of three domains‚ (Archaea‚ Bacteria‚ and Eukarya). In this lab‚ however‚ none of the organisms observed were archaea or bacteria. Also‚ all the organisms were eukaryotes‚ not prokaryotes‚ which are organisms without
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