defining characteristics of waves. If diffraction and interference are observed‚ waves are involved. Waves do not have mass or charge. Photons All electromagnetic radiation consists of photons. A photon is a packet of energy‚ or a quantum of electromagnetic energy. Gamma-photons are the most energetic out of all the types of photons. The energy of a photon is directly proportional to the frequency of the electromagnetic radiation of which it is a part of‚ so high frequency radiation means high
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Physics notes – Interactions of light and matter Young was able to explain this result as a wave-interference phenomenon – the double-slit interference pattern demonstrates the wave-like nature of light. Free download and print from www.itute.com ©Copyright 2009 itute.com Explaining the interference pattern using the wave model Light has been described both as a particle and as a wave. Isaac Newton (~1665) made up a particle model of light to explain many of the known behaviours
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For a considerable length of time‚ researchers have been searching for purported "glueballs." Now it appears they have been found finally. A glueball is an extraordinary molecule‚ made up altogether of gluons - the "sticky" particles that keep atomic particles together. Glueballs are insecure and must be identified in a roundabout way‚ by investigating their rot. This rot process‚ then again‚ is not yet completely caught on. Teacher Anton Rebhan and Frederic Brünner from TU Wien (Vienna) have now
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What is a photon? A photon is a ‘packet’ of quantum of electromagnetic waves. An electromagnetic wave consists of an electric wave and a magnetic wave which travel together and vibrate: *at right angles to each other and to the direction in which they are travelling. *in phase with each other. As you can see the two waves reach peak together so they are in step. When waves do this we say they are ‘in phase’. What is the energy of a photon? Photon energy E=hf How many photons does a light
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Quantum mechanics is one of the major revolutions in 20th century Physics. It is probably the closest science has come to a fundamental description of the underlying nature of reality. And yet it is totally bizarre—it flies in the face of all our intuition and common sense. It sounds more like science fiction‚ or a poorly written fantasy‚ than notions which serious scientists would entertain. In this paper‚ we attempt to explain some of these fantastic notions for the layman. This paper comes with
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energy being radiated also approaches zero‚ whereas Classical mechanics says the emitted energy is infinite. The second difficulty with the theory was its inability to correctly describe the photoelectric effect. The photoelectric effect says that photons from a surface are released when light hits it. Classical mechanics says that electrons will be emitted from a metal by light waves with any frequency as long as the intensity of the light is strong enough‚ and even if it is weak over a long enough
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What is the photoelectric effect? The photoelectric effect is when a clean metal surface emits electrons after light‚ especially ultraviolet‚ has been shone on at it. This happens because of a process called photoelectric emission whereby a single photon package of electromagnetic energy‚ called a quantum‚ is absorbed by metal surfaces. This energy is then transferred to one single electron which can then be released by the metal and that released electron is known as a photoelectron. The effect was
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used in PET scans. Decay mode: 9F18 ( 8O18 + +1e0 (1.656 MeV). Oxygen 18 is stable. The positron travels only a few millimetres in the human body before it meets an electron‚ when both are annihilated producing two gamma ray photons. The energy of each gamma ray photon is 511 MeV‚ the rest mass of the electron‚ so presumably the positron looses some energy prior to annihilation. The typical exposure from a PET scan is about 7 mSv. Production: Irradiation of the stable oxygen 18 isotope with
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higher energy levels. 2. At a specific energy level‚ some atoms emit particles of light called photons. At first the photons are emitted in all directions. Photons from one atom stimulate emission of photons from other atoms and the light intensity is rapidly amplified. 3. Mirrors at each end reflect the photons back and forth‚ continuing this process of stimulated emission and amplification. 4. The photons leave through the partially silvered mirror at one end. This is laser light. A Brief History
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5a Describe the new photon model of light‚ which was proposed as a result of the photoelectric effect. Criteria 5b Calculate the energy of a photon of green light‚ whose frequency is 6 x 1014 Hertz. Criteria 5d In 1905 Einstein developed an equation that described the photoelectric effect. This equation is hf = + k.e. Explain what the following quantities represent? (i) hf (ii) (iii) k.e. An atom consists of a nucleus surrounded by electrons. A photon of light is emitted each
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