Chemistry of cosmetics Few people would whip out a chemistry set‚ uncork the vials‚ and slap the compounds on their face. Yet‚ millions of women and girls essentially do that every day when they unzip their makeup bags and apply lipstick‚ mascara‚ and other makeup. Like the compounds in a chemistry set‚ makeup consists of chemicals. Although the chemicals in cosmetic products are intended to improve the appearance of skin‚ lips‚ and lashes‚ some can cause adverse effects. Emulsions The majority
Premium Milk Cosmetics
Bacteria have to developed a variety of mechanisms that allow them to enter the cells of their host‚ whether to replicate or to transmit the pathogen. One method of this is through pili. Pili are thin rods anchored to the outer membrane of bacteria with an adhesin at the tip. This adhesin is what gives the bacteria their binding specificity. Pili can serve a variety of roles such as‚ adhesion or the transfer of material during bacterial conjugation. Fimbria are a type of pili that are solely for
Premium Bacteria DNA Gene
predominately occur in the direction that results in the production of the more highly substituted carbon-carbon double bond. The carbocation has other fates depending upon substrate‚ reaction conditions‚ and acid employed. The carbocation can undergo rearrangement to a more stable species for example‚ 1°to a 2°‚ or 3°‚ via a
Premium Acid Organic reaction Alkene
The wild type and the mutant type strains of Halobacteria were used in this experiment to examine the phenotypic differences against each strain’s genotypes. The mutant strain (KBT-1) did not possess gas vesicles‚ which decreased its ability to float to the surface. The lack of gas vesicles in the mutant strain made the colonies a red color. The wild type strain (NRC-1) had gas vesicles and appeared a pink pigment color. Growth on the agar allowed one to examine the specific colonies. Inoculation
Premium Bacteria Microbiology DNA
feed. During early development‚ the sea urchin embryo undergoes 10 cycles of cell division‚ resulting in a single epithelial layer enveloping a blastocoel. The embryo must then begin gastrulation‚ a multipart process which involves the dramatic rearrangement and invagination of cells to produce the three germ layers. The first step of gastrulation is the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and ingression of primary mesenchyme cells into the blastocoel.[13] Primary mesenchyme cells‚ or PMCs‚ are located
Premium Animal
typically triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate‚ or TEGDMA‚ is added to reduce the viscosity. Another disadvantage of using bis-GMA is that it absorbs light‚ which could possibly lead to color changes. Knowing this‚ the compound‚ 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy benzophenone‚ is added to the matrix to keep light from being absorbed and prevent the discoloration. Since bis-GMA is capable of polymerizing spontaneously under normal storage conditions‚ polymerization inhibitors are added to the matrix. The most common
Premium Functional group Oxygen Molecule
Separation of the Components of a Mixture Purpose: To become familiar with the methods of separating substances from one another using decantation‚ extraction‚ and sublimation techniques. Apparatis and Chemicals: balance‚ Bunsen burner‚ rubber hose‚ tongs‚ 2 evaporating dishes‚ 2 watch glasses‚ 100-mL graduated cylinder‚ clay triangles‚ 2 ring stands‚ 2 iron rings‚ 2 glass stirring rods‚ unknown mixture of NaCl‚ NH4Cl‚ SiO2. Discussion: Mixtures are composed of two or more substances
Premium Mixture Separation process Chemical substance
Summary of Chapter 11 Material SN2 Reaction Substrate: NO SN2 ON A TERTIARY HALOALKANE!! order of reactivity is as follows: Methyl > 1 > 2 Sterically less hindered substrates have faster rates in SN2 Nucleophile: If the reacting atom is the same in a series‚ nucleophilicity parallels basicity (i.e. -OH > -OCH3 > -OCH2CH3 > H2O) For the halogens in GAS PHASE: F- > Cl- > Br- > IFor the halogens in SOLUTION: I- > Br- > Cl- > F- (due to solvation of nucleophile‚ rendering it inactive) Negatively
Premium
Fund Flow Statements Meaning of Fund Fund Flow Statement is widely used tool in the hands of financial executives for analyzing the financial performance of a concern. Funds keep on moving in a business which itself is based on a going concern concept. In broader sense‚ the term “fund” refers to money values in whatever form it may exits. Meaning of Flow of Fund The term ‘Flow’ means change. Thus flow of fund means change in fund or change in working capital. Flow of fund is said to have taken
Premium Balance sheet Inventory Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
Renaissance‚ and was commonly used by artists to assist with drawing and painting. Strangely enough‚ many people feared this device and associated it with sorcery‚ and very few artists publicly conceded that they used it. Major advancements in photochemistry
Premium Medicine Image Photography