Linguistic : http://www.cs.indiana.edu/classes/c661/ling_k.html Knowledge of sound system (phonetic & pholology) ….....................word ( semantics and syntacitc) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguistics (explaination of linguistic) http://www.speech-therapy-information-and-resources.com/linguistic-knowledge-bases.html ( linguistic based on what? Semantic-syntactic/ phonology/ phonetics ) 2. Brain and language ( Existence of a human language ) http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80
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əmerɪkǝ / C. Distinguish very briefly between what is phonetics and phonology. Before we distinguish between phonetics and phonology‚ we must understand that‚ these two fields ( phonetics and phonology ) are two types of fields that can be categorised under pronunciation. Basically‚ pronunciation is how a word is articulated. Phonetics Phonetics‚ refer to how a speech can sound. It also means when a sound of a speech produced
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purposes of this essay‚ I shall limit the fundamentals of linguistics to the following: phonetics and phonology‚ pragmatics‚ semantics‚ discourse morphology and syntax. Phonetics and Phonology Pronunciation can be studied from two perspectives: the phonetic and the phonological. Phonetics “is the study of the way humans make‚ transmit‚ and receive speech sounds” (Crystal 1995:236). There are three main branches of phonetics‚ namely articulatory (i.e. how the vocal organs are used to make sounds); acoustic
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References: Kelly‚ G (2006) How to teach pronunciation. London:Longman. Ladefoged‚ P. (2006). A Course in Phonetics. Boston: Thomson Wadsworth Hyman‚ L.M. (1975). Phonology: Theory and Practice. New York: Holt‚ Rinehart and Winston
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Outline 1. Cognitive Linguistics: some basic facts 2. Branches of Cognitive Linguistics 1. Cognitive Linguistics: some basic facts What is cognitive linguistics? Cognitive linguistics is a branch of linguistics that focuses on the conceptual structures and cognitive processes that underlie linguistic representation and grammar in language. [3] Cognitive linguistics is the study of language in its cognitive function‚ where “cognitive” refers to the crucial role of intermediate
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Chapter 12 Theories and Schools of Modern linguistics Introduction The Prague School • Introduction • Phonology& Phonological Oppositions • Functional Sentence Perspective(FSP) The London School • Malinowski’s theories • Firth’s theories • Halliday & Systemic-Functional Grammar American Structuralism • Early Period: Boas & Sapir Bloomfield’s Theory • Post- Bloomfieldian Linguistics Transformational- Generative Grammar • The innateness hypothesis • What Is a generative grammar • The Classical
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Bibliography: Ilen W.S.‚ 1951. Living English Speech. Longmans. Ramlan. 1985. English Phonetics. IKIP Semarang Press. Widdoson‚ G‚ H. 1997. Principle and Practice in Applied Linguistics. In honour. Oxford University Press. Wilkins‚ D.1994. Linguistics in Language Teaching. In R.E. Asher (ed.): the the encyclopaedia language and linguistics
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ASPECTS OF THE PHONOLOGY OF GUNGANCHI LANGUAGE BABATUNDE‚ Oluwatobi Olayemi 07/15CB045 A RESEARCH PROJECT SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS AND NIGERIAN LANGUAGES‚ FACULTY OF ARTS‚ UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN ILORIN – NIGERIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF ARTS (B. A. Hons) IN LINGUISTICS MAY‚ 2011. CERTIFICATION This essay has been read and approved as meeting the requirements of Department of Linguistics and Nigerian Languages
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on both the phonetic and phonological levels of analysis. For learners of English as a foreign language it is such a hard task to define and identify what a syllable is‚ even because there are no universally agreed upon phonetic definitions of what it is. So the main objective of this work is to present some theories about syllable definition‚ what syllable structure is‚ how syllable division works and lastly to conclude how it might be useful for any EFL learners. The Theories Phonetic Definition
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study of language’‚ is a broad term covering a wide range of different disciplines. The traditional ’core’ areas of the subject deal with the structure of human languages in terms of how speech sounds combine to form syllables and words (phonetics and phonology)‚ how words combine into meaningful utterances such as sentences and phrases (morphology and syntax)‚ and how we extract meaning from utterances we read or hear used by other people (semantics and pragmatics). But beyond this‚ linguists are
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