Dexter Haven Associates Ltd‚ London Printed by TJ Digital‚ Padstow UK Copyright 2009 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied‚ scanned‚ or duplicated‚ in whole or in part. Licensed to: iChapters User . . . . . 1 The philosophy of financial research Research is a process of intellectual discovery‚ which has the potential to transform our knowledge and understanding of the world around us. In
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texts we have read‚ science and myth have emerged as two important ways in which we understand and relate ourselves to the world. Focusing on at least two texts‚ critically discuss and contrast the theories of science and/or myth presented therein. Note that you can focus just on science‚ just on myth‚ or on both. Karl Popper and Thomas Kuhn are two monumental figures of twentieth century philosophy of science. Although Popper and Kuhn have dissimilar approaches as to how science “works”‚ practicing
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Marie Callinan What is positivism? Positivism is a well established philosophy within the natural sciences. In the early nineteenth century it became an integral aspect of social science methodology. In Baconian tradition‚ positivism is the precise and objective observation of an object from a scientifically detached position. Though its definition is broad‚ there are fundamentally six assumptions in positivistic philosophy and three distinct generations that negotiate with these assumptions.
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What is Science? There is much controversy over what really is science and what does it consists of. The literature on this area is enormous and philosophy of science is a whole academic discipline in itself‚ which tries to answer the above question. It also addresses the question of how knowledge is acquired and which methods of research are ‘’scientific’’. How can we distinguish between legitimate science and astrology? Much relevant question is in what sense is psychoanalysis a science‚ or psychology
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induction has no place in the logic of science. Science in his view is a deductive process in which scientists formulate hypotheses and theories that they test by deriving particular observable consequences. Theories are not confirmed or verified. They may be falsified and rejected or tentatively accepted if corroborated in the absence of falsification by the proper kinds of tests: A theory of induction is superfluous. It has no function in a logic of science. The best we can say of a hypothesis
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discusses the history of linguistics. He uses Chomsky ’s work in comparison to Bloomfieldian framework as an example. Finally he illustrates certain feuds within the linguistic community on theory and how Kuhn ’s theory cannot apply to this social science. I was intrigued by this article. Percival laid out the facts‚ and drew a clear line to discredit Kuhn ’s theory of paradigm in linguistics. I do not think however his thoughts on Kuhn ’s theory not working entirely will gain much support outside
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W. V. Quine’s “Epistemology Naturalized” has many admirers but few adherents. Numerous critics of Quine’s essay treat Quine’s proposal as abandoning normative epistemology. The general belief is that Quine is too extreme his attempt to naturalize epistemology. Most believe that he advocated for the replacement of epistemology with psychology. The major objection to Quine’s proposal for the naturalization of epistemology is that it dismisses normative questions asked by traditional epistemology. A
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KARL POPPER has argued (I think successfully) that a scientific idea can never be proven true‚ because because no matter how many observations seem to agree with it‚ it may still be wrong. On the other hand‚ a single contrary experiment can prove a theory forever false. Argue that truth is evolving and can never be absolutely known. As it turns out they were wrong‚ thus ultimately harmful for the evolution of Human Knowledge. Popper was a Realist but did not believe that we could Demonstrate True
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are Karl Popper‚ Thomas Kuhn‚ and Imre Lakatos. I consider there to be valuable points in each of the philosopher’s theories. Thomas Kuhn could possibly be the best known philosopher. I agree with many of Kuhn’s theories about the history of science. Kuhn had his PhD in physics and was a professor at MIT Institute. Kuhn was interested in how certain theories that were once held true could be replaced by new theories that were different but also held to be true. I find this very fascinating myself
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study science in collage and lived through out the same time period‚ the 20th Century were the rise of Marxism‚ Communism‚ Democracy and Science changed the way people live and thought of things. Karl a philosopher and Thomas a physicist both criticized the work of other whether it was done wrong or simply not finished correctly. This both great thinkers changed the way people looked at science and define science. To start off Thomas Kuhn always thought that there were to types of science. “Normal
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