reabsorb or excrete HCO3 YOU MUST KNOW WHAT IS NORMAL TO BE ABLE TO KNOW WHAT IS ABNORMAL * pH = 7.35 to 7.45 * PaCO2 = 35 to 45 mm Hg * PaO2 = 80 to 100 mm Hg * HCO3 = 22 – 26 mEq/l What you MUST LOOK AT TO INTERPRET ABGS LOOK AT YOUR pH *Is it normal? * is it high? *is it low? EXAMPLES *pH = 7.36 *pH = 7.23 * pH = 7.47 *a high pH indicates alkalosis *a low pH indicates acidosis LOOK AT YOUR PaCO2 *is it normal? *Is it high? *is it low? *This is the respiratory
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Respiratory Acidosis and Alkalosis Activity 1: Normal Breathing 1. At 20 seconds‚ pH = 7.4 2. At 40 seconds‚ pH = 7.4 3. At 60 seconds‚ pH = 7.4 4. Did the pH level of the blood change at all during normal breathing? If so‚ how? No‚ the pH level of the blood did not change during normal breathing. 5. Was the pH level always within the “normal” range for the human body? Yes‚ the pH level was always within the normal range for human body. 6. Did the PCO2 level change during the course of normal
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(D1) pH is measured based on its acidity and alkalinity. There are many substances around the body that have different pH values. A pH of 7 is usually considered neutral‚ neither acid nor alkaline‚ this is the pH of water. In the body the acids and bases need to be in very close balance‚ this is called ‘acid base homeostasis. If it goes off too far in either direction then it could be fatal to the body. For example in the body the blood has a pH value of around 7.35 to 7.45‚ if the bloods pH value
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least‚ we have to know about acid-base balance. pH‚ acid and bases‚ and buffer system. Acid is substance that dissociates into hydrogen ions (H+). Base is a substance that dissociates into hydroxyl ions (H-). Buffer is a solutions containing substance that have the ability to minimize change in the pH when an acid or base was added into it. Acid and base balance in human body is essential for all living things. When there are slightly change of pH‚ it will affect the enzymes activity in the body
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Acids Bases and pH Scale I. Acids *Acids are ionic compounds ( a compound with a positive or negative charge) that break apart in water to form a hydrogen ion (H+). *The strength of an acid is based on the concentration of H+ ions in the solution. The more H+ the stronger the acid. Example: HCl (Hydrochloric acid) in water Characteristics of Acids: **Acids taste sour **Acids react strongly with metals (Zn + HCl) **Strong Acids are dangerous and can burn your skin
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Hydrometallurgy 104 (2010) 459–464 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Hydrometallurgy j o u r n a l h o m e p a g e : w w w. e l s ev i e r. c o m / l o c a t e / h yd r o m e t Biokinetic test for the characterisation of AMD generation potential of sulfide mineral wastes A.H. Hesketh a‚b‚ J.L Broadhurst b‚ C.G Bryan a‚ R.P van Hille a‚ S.T.L. Harrison a‚b‚⁎ a b Centre for Bioprocess Engineering Research‚ Department of Chemical Engineering‚ University of Cape Town‚ Private
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and base properties of the antimicrobial agent sodium benzoate. Theory Sodium has mainly been used in food processing to avoid growth of bacteria and harmful microorganisms. It is commonly used to preserve foods and beverages that have an acidic pH. Rather than benzoic acid‚ sodium benzoate is used because it is generally soluble in most aqueous solutions but benzoic acid is not. Reaction Sodium benzoate mixed with water‚ dissociates into benzoate and sodium ions. Hydrogen chloride
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Biology 181 Ana Marti-Subirana Identification of unknown a-Amylase through testing different temperatures and pH values to detect the absorbance of maltose. Introduction: Enzymes are biological catalysts‚ mainly proteins for this experiment‚ generated by an organism to speed up chemical reactions. They have active sites on which the substrate is attached‚ and then broken up or joined. For this experiment we are going to work with the enzyme a-amylase. Amylase is an enzyme that breaks
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Lab Report Factors That Affect Enzymes Reaction Rate Name of lab: Effects of temperature‚ pH‚ Enzyme Concentration‚ and Substrate Concentration on Enzymatic Activity Introduction: Enzymes are the most important types of proteins‚ they act as catalysis (speed up chemical reactions). If enzymes didn’t exist‚ biochemical reactions would act to slowly and they couldn’t keep up with the metabolic functions. Enzymes have a three-dimensional structure that is really complex. This structure consists
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seconds‚ pH = 7.40 2. At 40 seconds‚ pH = 7.40 3. At 60 seconds‚ pH = 7.40 4. Did the pH level of the blood change at all during normal breathing? If so‚ how? No 5. Was the pH level always within the “normal” range for the human body? Yes 6. Did the PCO2 level change during the course of normal breathing? If so‚ how? No Activity 2a: Hyperventilation – Run 1 1. At 20 seconds‚ pH = 7.46 2. At 40 seconds‚ pH = 7.55 3. At 60 seconds‚ pH = 7.68
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