31 October 2011 Identification and observations of Citrobacter Freundii Introduction Citrobacter Freundii is a species of bacteria that can be potentially harmful to humans. It is known to cause meningitis by protruding into the brain and replicating itself (1). The Citrobacter species has also been found as a cause of some urinary tract infections‚ diarrhea‚ and even gastrointestinal diseases and symptoms (3). C. Freundii can be located in a wide variety of soils and water (3). Lastly‚ it is
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We used a concentration of 5 x 105/mL. 8. A dilute solution of 1:1 was used. 9. He was scheduled for a T3 uptake. 10. Aqueous procaine penicillin G 4.8 million units intramuscularly with 1 g of probenecid orally‚ is still recommended for uncomplicated gonorrhea. 11. She returned today for her vitamin B12. 12. My plan was to give her 600‚000 units of penicillin on the first day and give her half that on the second. 13. He denied symptoms of dysuria‚ hematuria‚ and urgency but did report nocturia
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Adrenergic Agonists (a.k.a. Sympathomimetic Drugs) I. Direct stimulants of α and β receptors 1. Epinephrine (Adrenaline) 2. Norepinephrine (Levophed) 3. Levonordefrin (Neo-Cobefrin) 4. Dopamine (Intropin) 5. Ephedrine II. Direct stimulants of α receptors (α agonists) 1. Phenylephrine (Neo-synephrine) III. Direct stimulants of β receptors (β agonists) 1. Isoproterenol (Isuprel) 2. Selective stimulants of β2 receptors in the bronchi (for asthma) 2.a. Salbutanol (Ventolin) 2.b. Terbutaline
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Most inventors strive for days‚weeks‚ monthes or years to invent their invention‚ for example Thomas Edison failed thousands of times before he successfully invented the lightbulb. But sometimes brilliance strikes by accident. Some of the most popular products we use today were accidents stumbled on by scientists not being careful. Young chemist William Perkin at first wanted to find a cure for malaria‚ but instead he accidently started a new movement in the fashion industry. In 1856 Perkin was
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References: 1. Diggins FW. (1999). The true history of the discovery of penicillin with refutation of the misinformation in the literature. British journal of biomedical science‚ 56(2)‚ 83. 2. Cleary PP‚ Schlievert PM‚ Handley JP (1992). Clonal basis for resurgence of serious Streptococcus pyogenes disease in the 1980s. 339‚ 518–521
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MRSA in the World Methicillian-resistant Staphylococcus aureus‚ also known as MRSA‚ is any strain of the bacteria S.aureus that has evolved a resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics‚ which includes the penicillin and cephalosporin family. This creates world-wide concern because there aren’t too many antibiotics left to treat S. aureus if the drug evolves greater resistances to stronger antibiotics. MRSA is one of the top leading causes of nosocomial acquired infections. According to an article
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------------------------------------------------- Diphtheria Diphtheria (Greek διφθέρα (diphthera) "pair of leather scrolls") is an upper respiratory tract illness caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae‚ a facultative anaerobic‚ Gram-positive bacterium. It is characterized by sore throat‚ low fever‚ and an adherent membrane (a pseudo membrane) on the tonsils‚ pharynx‚ and/or nasal cavity. A milder form of diphtheria can be restricted to the skin. Less common consequences include myocarditis (about
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12655 Woodforest Blvd‚ Houston‚ TX (713) 455-1293 . D Human Service Department 2702 Cherrybrook Ln‚ Pasadena‚ TX (713) 947-8130 · hhsc.state.tx.us 3 reviews · with phenoxymethyl penicillin for fi ve days. A throat swab taken before starting antibiotics grows beta-hemolytic streptococci (Group A). After three days of treatment‚ Jason’s temperature has returned to normal and he has made an uneventful recovery. Questions . Th e
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The Effects of Sulfa and Penicillin Drugs During the Early-Mid 20th Century Sections: 1. Introduction 2. Background -Sulfa Drugs -Penicillin 3. Data/Methods 4. Results 5. Conclusion 1. Introduction: The journey of modern medicine has come a long way. Medical advances has improved lives and increased life expectancy from the early 20th century to present day. It wasn’t until the 1930’s and 1940’s where the production of sulfa drugs and penicillin (respectively) opened up
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Diphtheria CLSM 327-Clinical and Pathogenic Microbiology I February 19‚ 2012 Introduction Diphtheria has been register in history as early as the fifth century and was later isolated as a bacterium called Corynebacterium diphtheria (CDC Diphtheria‚ 2012). Diphtheria can manifest itself in the upper respiratory system and the skin. It can further affect the heart and peripheral nerves causing paralysis and death. The route of infection is close contact with the infected person or soil objects
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