9.1 Orbitals and Theories of Chemical Bonding 1. Which one of the statements concerning valence bond (VB) and molecular orbital (MO) bond theories is correct? a) MO theory predicts that electrons are localized between pairs of atoms. b) In VB theory‚ bonding electrons are delocalized over the molecule. c) MO theory accurately describes bonding in O2 and NO‚ VB theory does not. d) VB theory can describe molecular bonding in excited states. e) MO theory is used to accurately predict
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Component seeks to separate‚ identify‚ quantify and analyze the active component found in Biogesic®‚ which may be useful for public awareness despite its wide acceptance and availability in the market. Furthermore‚ this study applies thin layer chromatography (TLC) technique since it is the simplest‚ cheapest yet most effective approach in terms to the study’s objectives. The TLC method implies Rf (Rate of flow) values where it is given by the distance from origin to center of subtance spot over the
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Chromatography: Separating Mixtures Introduction: Magic marker inks are often mixtures of several compounds. Paper chromatography is a common method of separating various components of a mixture. After separation‚ you can observe the different colors that make up a particular color of magic marker ink. You can also calculate a ratio Rf‚ which compares how far each compound traveled to how far each solvent (substance that dissolves another substance) traveled during the experiment.
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CHEM 3152-003 Experiment 2: Fractional Distillation and Gas Chromatography Introduction: The purpose of this experiment was to separate a mixture of ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and toluene by using the method of fractional distillation and to analyze the fractions using gas chromatography (GC). ethyl acetate toluene Distillation is a method known as separating or purifying a liquid or mixture by vaporization and condensation. In a simple distillation‚ the liquids being separated boil below 150 0C
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Analysis and Separation of Organic Acids in White Wine Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography Atis‚ Arnelson Arwin G. and Gaitos‚ Gerald M. Institute of Chemistry‚ University of the Philippines‚ Diliman‚ Quezon City Performed: December 9‚ 2011 Submitted: December 15‚ 2011 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION solutions containing increasing amounts of the organic acid. These solutions were contained in flasks numbered 5‚ 6‚ 7‚ 8‚ and 9. (Refer to
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Ion Exchange Chromatography Week 10 TAG Question 1: Chapter 6-4 of your technique book provides a detailed description of how to run a ion- exchange column. Assume you have a cation-exchange column already prepared and ready to use. Create an outline of no more than 10 steps describing how you will regenerate the column‚ load your sample and collect the hydronium ion released. 1. Open the stopcock at the bottom of the column and allow solution to drain out until the solution level in the
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Gas Chromatography: Purifying alcohol Introduction The goal of this lab is to understand the principles of chromatography by purifying alcohol using fractional distillation. Running standards with gas chromatography we were able to see and calibrate our data to find not only how much ethanol our alcohol attained but also what a mixed unknown sample contained. Chromatography is a way of being able to separate substances in solution that can help not only identify the analytes (the studied
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Lab #3 Separating Metal Cations by Paper Chromatography Introduction/Purpose: In chemistry‚ it is important to effectively analyze the components in a given mixture. In order to do so‚ chemists will analyze a mixture either qualitatively or quantitatively using different methods and equipment. Qualitative analyses are subjective‚ and only gather “non-numerical” data such as the color‚ appearance‚ and smell of the components. This data
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Discussion Using the Thin Layer Chromatography experiment‚ caffeine was found to be the most polar due to the fact that it stayed closer to the stationary phase. Caffeine contains four amine groups that are extremely polar as a result of the hydrogen bond and amide functional group. Acetaminophen was found to be the second most polar analgesic drug tested. Acetaminophen contains a polar alcohol group on one side and amide group on the other but also includes non-polar functional groups that consisted
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Making TLC Plates from Bulk TLC Silica Gels Many TLC users prefer to use pre-coated TLC plates‚ but others because of their special needs‚ or because they need special additives or a special thickness‚ coat their own TLC plates. This paper is a quick review of what is needed for the process. Initial instructions for plate coating: If reproducible plates are needed‚ then the user should invest in a coating device from Camag or Desaga (addresses below). The devices consist of a tray that holds
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