Weighted Average Cost of Capital What It Measures The weighted average cost of capital (WACC) is the rate of return that the providers of a company’s capital require‚ weighted according to the proportion each element bears to the total pool of capital. Why It Is Important WACC is one of the most important figures in assessing a company’s financial health‚ both for internal use (in capital budgeting) and external use (valuing companies on investment markets). It gives companies an insight into
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2. Calculate Midland’s corporate WACC. Be prepared to defend you specific assumptions about the various inputs to the calculations. Is Midland’s choice of the MRP appropriate? If not‚ what recommendations would you make and why? In order to calculate Midland’s overall corporate WACC we must first determine the cost of equity and the cost of debt. The cost of equity can be defined as the risk-weighted projected return required by investors‚ where the return is largely unknown. Therefore the
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the Impact of Leverage The SML and WACC § Consider 100% equity financed firm § Beta = 1 E/V = 1! D/V = 0! § WACC =? E D WACC = × RE + × RD × (1 − TC ) = RE V V WACC = Cost of equity from CAPM [ ] WACC = RE = R f + β × E [RM ] − R f = E [RM ] Beta =1! 2 SML and WACC SML Expected Return WACC = E[RM] Rf [ R f + β × E [RM ] − R f ] β=1 Beta 3 Accept Projects Y and/or Z? Expected Return IRRz WACC = E[RM] IRRY SML Z Y Rf
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PART 4 Long-Term Financial Decisions CHAPTERS IN THIS PART 11 12 13 The Cost of Capital Leverage and Capital Structure Dividend Policy INTEGRATIVE CASE 4 O’GRADY APPAREL COMPANY CHAPTER 11 The Cost of Capital INSTRUCTOR’S RESOURCES Overview This chapter introduces the student to an important financial concept‚ the cost of capital. The mechanics of computing the sources of capital-debt‚ preferred stock‚ common stock‚ and retained earnings are reviewed. The relationship between
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Fin 3010 Dr. Michello Summer 2007 Practice Problems Expected dividend yield Answer: a EASY i. If D1 = $2.00‚ g (which is constant) = 6%‚ and P0 = $40‚ what is the stock’s expected dividend yield for the coming year? a. 5.0% b. 6.0% c. 7.0% d. 8.0% e. 9.0% Expected return‚ dividend yield‚ and capital gains yield Answer: e EASY ii. If D1 = $2.00‚ g (which is constant) = 6%‚ and P0 = $40‚ what is the stock’s expected capital gains yield for the coming year? a. 5.2% b. 5.4%
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term lasting for 10-30 years. Levered β @ target D/E ratio Ratio=42.2% The target ratio defines the target D/E that the company requires to reach for the credit rating to be applicable. E&P Weighted Average Cost of Capital‚ rE&P-wacc Division wise WACC is essential as each business line has different risk-return profile. Since individual divisional stocks are not traded in the market‚ β for E&P has been calculated by revenue based weighted average of pure-play E&P companies. However it
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increasing shareholder value‚ optimizing the use of debt‚ and repurchasing their undervalued shares. Marriott Corporation relied on measuring the opportunity cost of capital for investments by utilizing the concept of Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC). In April 1988‚ VP of project finance‚ Dan Cohrs suggested that the divisional hurdle rates at the company would have a key impact on their future financial and operating strategies. Marriott intended to continue its growth at a fast pace by relying
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are BEA’s new beta and cost of equity if it has 40% debt? - BEA’s new beta βL = βLใหม่ = (0.87) βLใหม่ = 1.218 - BEA’s cost of equity RsL = RF + βL(RM - RF) = 6% + (1.218)(4%) = 10.872% c. What are BEA’s WACC and total value of the firm with 40% debt? - BEA’s WACC WACC = = (9%)(1-0.4)(0.4) + (10.872%)(0.6) = 8.683% - BEA’s total value of the firm V0 of firm = ‚ g = 0% = = = = $103‚188‚000 Problems (26-9) International Associates (IA) is about to commence operations
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broke. Question #5 How does WACC change over time? What do you think might drive the changes? WACC is the opportunity cost of investing in a company‚ or the expected return of shareholders and debt holders. WACC consists of all capital sources and includes common stock‚ preferred stock‚ short-term debt and long-term debt in the calculation. WACC is the average costs of capital financing‚ and tells us how much a company has to pay for each dollar of financing. WACC for any company will fluctuate
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Once funded‚ a project/investment’s performance was measure in two ways. The first being actual performance vs forecasted plan over 1‚ 3‚ and 5 year periods‚ and the second being Economic Value Added (EVA). EVA was calculated as: EVA = EBIT(1-t) – WACC(period capital expenditure) Midland Energy Capital Planning Model • Optimize capital structure • Midland primarily optimized its capital structure by taking advantage of the borrowing capacity inherent in its energy reserves and long term assets
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