The 7 layers can be split logically into two subgroups. Layers 7 thru 4 focus on the end to end communication of data source and destinations. Layers 3 thru 1 are provide consistent communication between the network devices. An easier way of looking at the OSI model is dividing the upper layers (7‚ 6‚ 5) from the lower layers (4‚ 3‚ 2‚ 1). The upper layers deal with application issues and are implemented only in software. The highest layer‚ the application layer‚ is the closest to the end user
Premium OSI model Internet Protocol Suite OSI protocols
Thin Layer Chromatography Introduction Thin Layer Chromatography or TLC is a technique used as a separation and identification technique. There are many forms of chromatography‚ but one thing that remains constant throughout all of the types of chromatography is that there is a stationary phase and a mobile phase. In the case of TLC the stationary phase is the silica gel on the TLC tray. Procedure Chromatograph method is a method of separating mixtures of two or more compounds. Two phases
Free Chromatography Thin layer chromatography
Title: Thin-Layer Chromatography Objectives: Part1: 1. To learn the technique of TLC and the visualization of colourless components. 2. To identify an unknown drug by a TLC comparison with standard compounds. Part 2: To learn the separation technique by using Thin Layer Chromatography plate in separating a mixture of compounds into individual pure compound by using Spinach Leaf. Introduction: (i) General Concepts Chromatography is a common and powerful method used to separate and analyze complex
Premium Chromatography Thin layer chromatography Analytical chemistry
PHILIPPINE YUH CHIAU SCHOOL DEL PILAR‚ CABATUAN‚ ISABELA In partial fulfillment of the requirements in Research II and Advanced Statistics The Effect of Chicken (Gallus Gallus Domesticus) Eggshells in the Mass of Chicken Layers and Nutritional Content of Chicken Eggs Submitted by: Iris Kaye L. Madrid Arvin Jon S.Acuña Neil Renzo D.Agonoy Alejandro D.Galera Acknowledgement The researchers would like to convey their heartfelt thanks to the following who contributed to the success
Premium Chicken
Column and Thin Layer Chromatography Beverly Abstract: Plant pigments were separated and concentrated from a crude spinach extract through the use of column chromatography and an eluatropic series of hexanes‚ hexane/acetone‚ and methanol. The pigments were analyzed using thin layer chromatography with a 30% ethyl acetate/hexane developing solvent. Introduction: Chromatography is a technique used to separate a mixture of two or more components based on
Premium Chromatography Analytical chemistry Silica gel
Additive layer manufacturing for aerospace parts ES Technology Additive layer manufacturing ES Technology has revealed that additive layer manufacturing (ALM) for direct part production has been embraced by a number of manufacturing sectors‚ not least the aerospace industry The ability to produce components in a range of materials including hot-work steels‚ stainless steel‚ cobalt chromes and Inconel‚ plus titanium and aluminium alloys‚ presents the aerospace industry with large potential for
Premium Manufacturing
The significance of the title in decoding what is in the artist’s mind lies in the little details in the painting itself. The noun “layers” indirectly draws the viewer towards a picture covering a piece of material -- the tudung. What then does the title represent? It seemingly explains about the lessons that the artist had to learn or is in the process of learning while discovering
Premium Face Gaze Freedom of speech
the Experiment: The intention of the experiment is to use solvent extraction methods to separate a mixture containing a carboxylic acid and a neutral compound. Once recovered‚ the solids were purified by recrystallization and examined by thin-layer chromatography‚ and their identities were derived by melting point and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. Extraction is a procedure that selectively dissolves one or more of the mixture compounds into a proper solvent. Extraction refers to the moving
Premium Solvent Oxygen Solubility
spectra it is possible to identify which peak correlates with which compound. Figure 2 contains a peak at around 500 and 700 nm which is a good indicator that that would-be chlorophyll b. This makes sense because this was the bottom band from the thin layer chromatography and chlorophyll b is the most polar compound. Chlorophyll B contains an aldehyde where chlorophyll A has a methyl group making it slightly more polar. Following that‚ figure 4 contains
Premium Oxygen Photosynthesis Light
ISO-OSI 7-Layer Network Architecture This lecture introduces the ISO-OSI layered architecture of Networks. According to the ISO standards‚ networks have been divided into 7 layers depending on the complexity of the functionality each of these layers provide. The detailed description of each of these layers is given in the notes below. We will first list the layers as defined by the standard in the increasing order of function complexity: 1. Physical Layer 2. Data Link Layer 3. Network Layer 4.
Premium Data transmission Computer network Ethernet