laboratory assignment 3 was to measure the rate at which a chemical reaction takes place. For the purpose of this lab we measured the rate a balanced oxidation/reduction reaction between iodine‚ hydrogen‚ and bromate ion occurs. The above reaction occurs slowly so we used a coupled iodine clock reaction to measure the rate of the oxidation/reduction reaction because it occurs much faster but is still dependent upon the other reaction. To accomplish this‚ two mixtures were prepared in separate Erlenmeyer
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racemization and absolute configuration. 4. Single bonded functional groups 4 Alkyl halides: Classification and characteristics. Reactions‚ SN1‚ SN2‚ E1‚ E2 and their mechanisms‚ Grignard reagents Alcohols and ether: Synthesis‚ dehydration and oxidation of alcohols. Ether cleavage. Amines: Nucleophilic substitution‚ basicity and reaction with nitrous acid. 5.
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Identification and Production of Materials ================================ Ethene‚ Polymers and Ethanol ================================ Catalytic Cracking Oil refineries need to balance their outputs of various products (petrol‚ diesel‚ fuel oil‚ etc.) to match the demands of the marketplace. Catalytic cracking is the process in which high molecular weight (high boiling point) fractions from crude oil are broken into lower molecular weight (lower boiling point) substances in order to increase
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Both cellular respiration and photosynthesis are redox reactions. In redox‚ reactions pay attention to the flow of electrons. What is the difference between oxidation and reduction? In a redox reaction‚ the loss of electrons from one substance is called oxidation‚ and the addition of electrons to another substance is known as reduction. 4. The following is a generalized formula for a redox reaction: Xe– + Y X + Ye– Draw an arrow showing which component (X or Y) is oxidized and which
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called an "electrolyte." Chemical Reaction When two dissimilar metals are put in an electrolyte‚ a chemical reaction called "oxidation-reduction" occurs. Because different metals have different levels of attraction for their electrons‚ one of the metals will lose electrons‚ a process which chemists call oxidation‚ and the other gains electrons‚ which is called reduction. The metal being oxidized is called the anode‚ and the one being reduced is the cathode. The entire arrangement of anode‚ electrolyte
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alkaline conditions (the Biuret test) with the oxidation of aromatic protein residues. The Lowry method is best used with protein concentrations of 0.01–1.0 mg/mL and is based on the reaction of Cu+‚ produced by the oxidation of peptide bonds‚ with Folin–Ciocalteu reagent (a mixture of phosphotungstic acid and phosphomolybdic acid in the Folin–Ciocalteu reaction). The reaction mechanism is not well understood‚ but involves reduction of the Folin reagent and oxidation of aromatic residues (mainly tryptophan
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UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN |Faculty |: |Faculty of Engineering & Science | |Unit Code |: |UEMK1013 | |Course |: |Chemical Engineering | |Unit Title |: |Chemistry for Engineering | |Year/ Semester |: |Year 1/ Trimester 1 | |Lecturer |: |Dr. Loh Han Chern
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4.1 & 4.2: General properties of aqueous solutions and Precipitation Reactions: 1. (Brown 4.11) When asked what causes electrolyte solutions to conduct electricity‚ a student responds that it is due to the movement of electrons through the solution. Is the student correct? If not‚ what is the correct response? 2. (Brown 4.15) Specify what ions are present in solution upon dissolving each of the following in water: a. ZnCl2 c. (NH4)2SO4 b. HNO3 d. Ca(OH)2 3. (Brown 4.16 ) Specify
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A Seminar Report on “CATALYTIC CONVERTER” PREFACE Catalytic converter is most effective device which converts harmful gases due to engine exhaust into eco-friendly gases. In this report‚ we have tried to bring into focus imports of reducing air pollution and why catalytic converter is necessary in automobile. We also tried to bring advance technology found out now a day for reducing air pollution. By best effort‚ we try to focus necessity of subject. We hope our report is one
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• The reactions of the citric acid cycle include two other oxidative decarboxylation‚ which transform citrate into succinate. • The cycle is complete by regenaration of oxaloacetate from succinate in a multistep process that includes two other oxidation reactions. Pyruvate + 4NAD+ + FAD + GDP + Pi + 2H2O 3CO2 + 4NADH + FADH2 + GTP + 4H+ • The cycle is strongly exergonic. Pyruvate is Converted to Acetyl-CoA Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is responsible for the conversion of pyruvate
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