21 © JAK CHEMISTRY LEVEL 3C (CHM 315109) CORROSION (CRITERION 5) INTRODUCTION: Corrosion is a general term referring to the DESTRUCTIVE OXIDATION OF METALS caused by oxidising agents in the surrounding chemical environment. The most commonly encountered form of corrosion is rusting which is the term specifically applied to the destructive oxidation of iron and steel. (The term rust is only to be used with respect to iron and steel). Practically all metals will undergo corrosion and even the
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the acetyl groups are fed into the citric cycle which are oxidized to CO2 and the energy released in conserved reduced electron carriers- NADH and FADH; the high transfer potential electrons transferred to oxygen to form water in a series of oxidation-reduction reactions called oxidative phosphorylation (Tymoczko‚ p. 318). The citric acid cycle takes place in the mitochondria and is the central metabolic hub in the cell; the gateway to aerobic metabolism of all fuel molecules (Tymoczko‚ p. 318)
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energy • Within a series of integral and peripheral proteins • Oxidation‚ Reduction‚ and Energy Transfer • Oxidation (loss of electrons) • Electron donor is oxidized • Reduction (gain of electrons) • Electron recipient is reduced • The two reactions are always paired • Energy Transfer • Electrons transfer energy • Energy performs physical or chemical work (ATP formation) • Electrons • Travel through series of oxidation–reduction reactions • Ultimately combine with oxygen to form water
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Cellular Respiration and Fermentation: Experimenting With CO2 and Redox Reactions Julius Engel; Section 8 Abstract In this experiment‚ the subjects of study were fermentation‚ mitochondrial respiration‚ and redox reactions. In the first experiment‚ yeast was grown in various carbohydrate solutions at various temperatures. In the second experiment‚ succinate was added to various samples of a mitchondrial suspension‚ DPIP‚ and a buffer. Then after two blanks were used‚ the samples
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treatment. The review emphasizes adsorption/catalytic oxidation process‚ adsorption/catalytic reduction process‚ adsorption coupled with redox process‚ biomimetic sorbent and its sorption behaviors of POPs‚ and modified adsorbents and their water purification efficiency. Key words: adsorbents; adsorption; pollutants; water purification *Corresponding author. E-mail: jhqu@rcees.ac.cn. 1 Adsorption/catalytic oxidation process Adsorption/catalytic oxidation process can be divided into two categories: in
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Chemistry Book Notes: Chapter 21: Buffers and the Titration of Acids and Bases 21-1 Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation THE HH EQUATION OFTEN CAN BE USED TO CALCULATE THE pH OF A BUFFER SOLUTION -buffer >a solution containing both a weak acid and its conjugate base can resist a change in pH by neutralizing either an added acid or an added base. Ex. acetic acid-acetate soln (acid with conj. Base) > Kc for a buffer reaction can = 1/Ka or 1/Kb if you add an acid or base because
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Redox reactions Redox reaction occur when there is a movement of electrons between atoms. Part of a redox reaction include: Oxidising Agent: Atom losing/giving away electrons (causing reduction) Reduction: Atom that gained/received the electron from the oxidizing agent‚ making it more negative and thereby the name reduction/reduced. Reducing Agent: Atom that will be taking electrons
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converted into ATP. By adding one phosphate molecule to ADP‚ it becomes ATP. 4. Differentiate between oxidation and reduction reactions. Oxidation is a process‚ in which the atom or ion is increasing its oxidation sate. This will result in loss of electrons. The species that are being oxidized‚ are the reduction agents. Reduction is a process‚ by which the atom or ion is decreasing its oxidation state. This will result in a gain of electrons. Here‚ the species that are being reduced are the oxidizing
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INTRODUCTION Chemical reactions are regularly categorized into 3 types: oxidation-reduction (redox reaction)‚ precipitation (double displacement) and acid-base reaction (double displacement) Type 1: Oxidation-Reduction Reactions Oxidation-reduction processes include the movements of electrons form oxidants to reductants‚ which lead to increases in oxidation number for oxidised species and decreases in oxidation number in reducing species. A. Synthesis Reactions: 2 (or more) substances react
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Bi 101 Lecture Exam Two Study Objectives: Chapters 5‚ 6‚ 7 All concepts and vocabulary are fair game in Chapters 5-7 Chapter Five: ………….. Membranes Evaluate the importance of membranes to the homeostasis of the cell‚ emphasizing their various functions Explain how the properties of the lipid bilayer govern many properties of the cell membrane (ie understand the chemical lipid bilayer structure—what does “hydrophobic” and “hydrophilic” mean?) Discuss the general types‚ functions‚ and
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