The TLC plate remained blank showing proof of no compound other than the hexane itself. This error was expected since in the first part of the experiment‚ oxidation of fluoreneto Fluorenone was supposed to be done to a 50-50 level. As mentioned earlier‚ the oxidation had carried out longer than expected and hence the sample contained little or none of the fluorene. Thus‚ no value of Rf were obtained for the fluorenein the experiment. When the solvent was switched
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their cells and use the energy released to manufacture ATP by phosphorylating ADP. Many prokaryotes and virtually all Eukaryotes phosphorylate ADP either through fermentation (anaerobic) or respiration (aerobic). Both of these processes involve oxidation of foodstuffs‚ yet only the latter requires oxygen. Cellular respiration is a very complex process that consists of many steps that take place inside the cell‚ in an organelle called a mitochondrion. Mitochondria are responsible for converting digested
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INORGANIC CHEMISTRY – CLASS XI (ISC) Properties of Group 1 elements [Alkali metals] 1. Due to high reactivity‚ alkali metals do not occur free in nature. Elements of group 1 (or IA) are known as alkali metals because their hydroxides are soluble in water and form strongly alkaline solutions. Alkali metals are stored under kerosene oil because they get tarnished on exposure to air. 2. The general electron configuration of alkali metals is ns1. 3. Alkali metals have largest size and lowest
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in an effort to solve a puzzle that has been dated all the way back to the first century: the Ship of Theseus. It will be determined that the two theories fail in solving the Ship of Theseus puzzle. According to Brian Garrett of Australian National University‚ metaphysics is concerned with the nature and identity of objects.1 In order to increase understanding of the identity of objects‚ puzzles of constitution and identity are used by philosophers. There is a puzzle common in metaphysics:
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surfaces to prevent abrasion‚ scuffing‚ and contact fatigue. Antiwear additives enhance lubricant performance and extend equipment life. Oxidation Stability Oxidation stability is a hydraulic oil’s resistance to heat-induced degradation caused by a chemical reaction with oxygen. Hydraulic oils must contain additives that counteract the process of oxidation‚ improve the stability and extend the life of the fluid. Without these additives‚ the quality of the hydraulic oil will deteriorate quickly
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------------------------------------------------- The Processes of the nitrogen cycle Nitrogen fixation Atmospheric nitrogen must be processed‚ or "fixed" (see page on nitrogen fixation)‚ in order to be used by plants. Some fixation occurs in lightning strikes‚ but most fixation is done by free-living or symbiotic bacteria. These bacteria have the nitrogenase enzyme that combines gaseous nitrogen with hydrogen to produce ammonia‚ which is then further converted by the bacteria to make their own organic
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1a: Review Redox Assign Oxidation Numbers to the following: a. HNO3 b. PbSO4 c. (NH4)2Ce(SO4)3 Balance the following in acidic medium Al (s) + MnO4- (aq) Al3+ (aq) + Mn2+ (aq) Balance the following in a basic medium Mg (s) + OCl- (aq) Mg(OH)2 (s) + Cl- (aq) Balance the following Redox Reaction: The big nasty problem K4Fe(CN)6 + KMnO4 + H2SO4 KHSO4 + Fe2(SO4)3 + MnSO4 + HNO3 + CO2 +H2O 17.1: Galvanic Cells Review of Redox Reactions Oxidation: _______________________
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After 14 years of trial and error‚ he developed a process he called Appertizing. Fruits‚ vegetables‚ fish‚ or meat was sealed in stoppered bottles and the filled bottles were immersed in boiling water; the heat sterilized the bottles and food alike. Appert knew nothing of enzymes or bacteria‚ nor did anyone else in his day. He did observe that when food was heated in the sealed bottles‚ the food remained good as long as the seal was not broken. The food remained edible until the bottles were
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AC 10. Using the letters labeled on periodic table diagram provided below‚ identify An atom that has a tendency to gain 2 electrons B 11. Using the letters labeled on periodic table diagram provided below‚ identify An element with a common oxidation state of +2 BE 12. Using the atom diagrams provided below‚ identify the letter of the atom that matches the description: full valence shell E 13. Using the atom diagrams provided below‚ identify the letter of the atom that matches the description:
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PurposeIn this experiment‚ sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) in acetic acid mixture was used to oxidize emdo-borneol (an alcohol) to camphor (a ketone). The product would then be purified by sublimation and then be analyzed by Infrared spectroscopy and melting point test. Procedure and ObservationsPlease refer to the lab manual and the carbon copy attached. Data and CalculationsWeight of endo-borneol = 0.2013gNo of moles of endo-borneol = 0.2013g/154.25g mol-1 = 1. 305mmolSince one mole of endo-borneol
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