OIXDATION(AND(REDUCTION(–(REDOX(CHEM(1( ( KEY(REDOX(CONCEPTS( •! Oxidation)and)reduction)are)electron(transfer(processes)(reactions).)) o! Oxidation(–(Loss)of)electrons)) !! Reductant((reducing)agent))–)undergoes)oxidation.)) o! Reduction(–(Gain)of)electrons)) !! Oxidant((oxidising)agent))–)undergoes)reduction.)) ! Example:(((((((((((Mg(s)(+(2H+(aq)( (Mg2+(aq)(+(H2(g)( o! This!reaction!can!be!broken!up!into!two!halfEreactions(( !! Oxidation:)Mg(s))")Mg2+)+)2e:)(lost)electrons))( !! Reduction:)2H+)+)2e:)")H2)(gained)electrons))(
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STK 1084 Inorganic Chemistry I‚ LU 3 Oxidation – Reduction Reactions‚ Prepared By: Dr. Tay Meng Guan‚ Faculty of Resource Science and Technology‚ Universiti Malaysia Sarawak. LU 3 Oxidation and Reduction Reactions 3.1 Ideas of Oxidation and Reduction Oxidation of an atom can be occurred in the following conditions: 1. Losing an electron from the orbitals. e.g.: A A+ + e- 2. Adding an electronegative element (e.g.: F‚ Cl‚ Br‚ O) to a molecule. e.g.: A + F AF 3. Losing hydrogen
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OXIDATION AND REDUCTION Oxygen makes up only about 20% of the air‚ yet is the essential component for so many reactions. Without it fuels would not burn‚ iron would not rust and we would be unable to obtain energy from our food molecules through respiration. Indeed animal life on the planet did not evolve until a certain concentration of oxygen had built up in the atmosphere over 600 million years ago. The term oxidation has been in use for a long time to describe these and other reactions where
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Oxidation of Cyclohexanol Introduction: The oxidation of cyclohexanol involves using household bleach to oxidize this secondary alcohol and produce a ketone product‚ cyclohexanone. Oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions occur when the oxidation state of atoms change due to a transfer of electrons. Oxidation occurs when electrons are ‘lost’ to the formation of bonds and reduction occurs when electrons are ‘gained’ in the braking of bonds (Levine). Using this reaction and its product‚ a redox experiment
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DEFINITIONS OF OXIDATION AND REDUCTION (REDOX) This page looks at the various definitions of oxidation and reduction (redox) in terms of the transfer of oxygen‚ hydrogen and electrons. It also explains the terms oxidising agent and reducing agent. Oxidation and reduction in terms of oxygen transfer Definitions • Oxidation is gain of oxygen. • Reduction is loss of oxygen. For example‚ in the extraction of iron from its ore: [pic] Because both reduction and oxidation are going on side-by-side
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Oxidation Number When elements combine to produce a compound‚ each element is assigned an “apparent” charge. This apparent charge‚ the charge an atom would have if both electrons in each bond were assigned to the more electronegative element‚ may be positive or negative. It is called the oxidation number or state of the element in the compound. Oxidation numbers are very useful in keeping track of what happens to electrons when various elements combine to form compounds. By remembering a few
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Oxidation and Reduction Mnemonic: OILRIG Oxidation Is Loss‚ Reduction Is Gain Oxidation → the loss of electrons from an atom or an ion→ always happens at anode (positive electrode) → think anOde (O2 in the electrolysis of water xp) Redox reactions: Reactions involving the transfer of electrons e.g. burning‚ rusting‚ photosynthesis‚ respiration and the browning of apples. happens in three types of reactions: 1. addition of oxygen 2. removal of hydrogen 3. increase in valency (how easily an atom
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Oxidation Lab Part 1: Purpose: You are going to investigate the ease with which different metals undergo oxidation and reduction. Materials: | 4 samples of each of: lead‚ zinc‚ iron‚ copper | spot plates steel wool/sand paper | | | | Solutions of: | copper(II) sulfate Ferric nitrate Silver nitrate Lead (II) nitrate | | Procedure: 1. Obtain 4 samples of each metal and clean with steel wool or sand paper. Wash your hands after cleaning the metals so you are not exposed to lead
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Lab 5 Oxidation of an alcohol CHM2123 Introduction: Oxidation is a key reaction in organic chemistry. Oxidation of an alcohol can produce aldehydes‚ ketones‚ or carboxylic acids. One of the methods of oxidation is an aldol reaction through carbon-carbon bonds. The oxidation oxidizes primary alcohols to aldehydes and secondary alcohols oxidizes ketones. Tertiary alcohols are converted to the common oxidizing agents. Scheme 5.1: Aldehydes can be oxidized easily to carboxylic acids in aqueous medias
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Oxidation of an Alcohol: Oxidizing Methoxybenzyl Alcohol to Methoxybenzaldehyde Using Phase-Transfer Catalysis PURPOSE OF THE EXPERIMENT Oxidize methoxybenzyl alcohol to methoxybenzaldehyde‚ using sodium hypochlorite as the oxidizing agent and tetrabutylammonium hydrogen sulfate as the phase-transfer catalyst. Monitor the progress of the reaction by thin-layer chromatography. BACKGROUND REQUIRED You should be familiar with extraction‚ evaporation‚ and thin-layer chromatography techniques
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