Electrochemical Series - Define oxidation and reduction in term of loss and gain of oxygen; loss and gain of electrons and change in oxidation state (number). • Oxidation is the loss of electrons; an increase in oxidation state or a gain in oxygen by a molecule‚ atom‚ or ion. • Reduction is the gain of electrons; a decrease in oxidation state or a loss of oxygen by a molecule‚ atom‚ or ion. • OIL RIG (Oxidation is Loss‚ Reduction is Gain) - Rules for assigning the oxidation numbers of an atom. •
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Section 10.10 Balancing Oxidation–Reduction Equations ENERGY General Chemistry 2 (Chem 112) Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 1 Section 10.10 Balancing Oxidation–Reduction Equations UNIT 1: ENERGY MODULE 1: ELECTROCHEMICAL ENERGY MODULE 2: NUCLEAR ENERGY MODULE 3: FUELS Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 2 Section 10.9 Oxidation–Reduction Reactions Redox Reactions • Reactions in which one
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UNIT 5 – ELECTROCHEMISTRY Chapter 9 – Electric Cells 9.1 – Oxidation and Reduction * The term reduction came to be associated with producing metals from their compounds. * Ex. Fe2O3(s) + 3CO(g) 2Fe(s) + 3CO2 * Another substance‚ called a reducing agent causes or promotes the reduction of a metal compound to an elemental metal. In this example‚ it is CO. * Corrosion‚ including the rusting of metals‚ is now understood
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Ion implantation‚ LPCVD and epitaxial growth Understand toxicity & safe handling practices Remarks Device physics: ECSE-432 ECSE-533 Thermal Oxidation of Silicon http://www.ecse.rpi.edu/~schubert/Course-ECSE-6290%20SDM-2/1%20MOSFET-2%20Fabrication.pdf Discussed Topics The Oxidation Process Modeling Oxidation Factors
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–49 deg. F and acetone has a FP of 0 deg. F. Combustibles: These liquids have vapors which burn when heated above 100 deg. F. Combustibles include fuel oil‚ kerosene‚ mineral oil and paints. Flammable Solids Examples – Organic Solids: camphor‚ cellulose nitrate and napthalene. Inorganic Solids: decaborane‚ lithium amide‚ phosphorous heptasulfide‚ phosphorous sesquisulfide‚ potassium sulfide‚ anhydrous sodium sulfide and sulfur Combustible Metals: (except dusts and powders): cesium
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HOW ARE REDOX REACTIONS DIFFERENT? Redox is the term used to label reactions in which the acceptance of an electron (reduction) by a material is matched with the donation of an electron (oxidation). A large number of the reactions already mentioned in the Reactions chapter are redox reactions. Synthesis reactions are also redox reactions if there is an exchange of electrons to make an ionic bond. If chlorine gas is added to sodium metal to make sodium chloride‚ the sodium has donated an electron
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In the Laboratory Investigation of Imposter Perfumes Using GC–MS W Kelly A. Mowery‚ Daniel E. Blanchard‚ Stephanie Smith‚ and Thomas A. Betts* Department of Physical Sciences‚ Kutztown University of PA‚ Kutztown‚ PA 19530; *betts@kutztown.edu Fragrances are of keen interest to most students and are the products of an enormous chemical industry (1). In 1999‚ the global market for perfumes and fragrances was valued at $19.8 billion (2)‚ with the “knockoff ” perfume industry comprising
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Ch. 1 Fundamentals of Chemistry Subchapter – Stoichiometry and Units 1. An element X forms an oxide with the formula X4O10. If 31 g of X combines with 40 g of oxygen‚ what is the identity of X? A. N B. P C. C D. S Correct Answer: B: P Explanation: We can solve for the atomic mass of X to identify it. The amount in g of X for any amount in g of O is given by: Rearranging the above equation and substituting the given mass of X and O‚ we get: Thus‚ the atomic mass of X
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orbital. Group 11 &12 elements i.e. Cu & Zn have bigger size due to strong shielding of completely filled (n-1)d orbital. The transition elements show variable oxidation state due to small energy difference between (n-1)d &ns orbital as a result both (n-1)d &ns electrons take part in bond formation. The highest oxidation state of an element is equal to number of unpaired electrons present in (n-1)d &ns orbital. Transition elements have high enthalpy of atomization/ sublimation Because
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or species in solution. Basically‚ an oxidation-reduction reaction (redox reaction) is a reaction in which electrons are transferred between species or in which atoms change oxidation numbers. Oxidation is the portion of the redox reaction in which there is a loss of electrons by a species or an increase in the oxidation number of an atom. Reduction is the part of a reaction in which there is a gain of electrons by a species or a decrease in the oxidation number of an atom. Something that is oxidized
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