Outline and evaluate research into types of attachment. Ainsworth conducted a study to observe types of attachment behaviours with occur between a mother and a child. She used observation to witness these behaviours. By placing the child in a set up play room with one way glass allowed natural behaviour to be observed without interference from the psychologist. Ainsworth used several situations including a mother a child and a stranger. Firstly the mother and the child entered the room‚ the child
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Attachment is a deep and enduring bond that emotionally connects one person to another‚ however this attachment does not necessarily have to be shared as one person may have an attachment with an individual which is not reciprocated. Such attachments are characterized by specific behaviours in children such as seeking to be in the attachment figure’s company when upset or distressed. The evolutionary theory of attachment originates with the work of John Bowlby whom was inspired by the work of renowned
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Outline and evaluate research into cross-cultural variation in Attachment (12) Some studies support Bowlby’s theory view that attachment is universal and those studies show cultural similarities. However there are also studies that suggest the importance of cultural differences. Some research suggest that some aspects of attachment are consistent across cultures. Ainsworth’s research supports this. She found in her studies of Us children and Ugandan childrens that sensitive mothering was linked
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Privation is the failure to form attachment. It occurs when a child has no opportunity to form a relationship with a parental figure‚ or when such relationship is distorted‚ due to their treatment. It is different to deprivation‚ which occurs when an established relationship is severed. It is understood that privation can produce social‚ emotional‚ and intellectual problems for children; however‚ how inevitable such problems become as a results of privation and the extent to which can be reserved
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Outline and evaluate the evolutionary theory of human attachment 12 marks Bowlby put forward a theory of attachment based on the adaptive advantage we get through an innate tendency to form attachments with our caregiver. Bowlby adopted the idea of a critical period from ethologists like Lorenz and applied this to his explanation of how human infants form an attachment. The critical period hypothesis states that if you fail to attach between two and a half years‚ the child will suffer irreversible
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put forward different explanations of attachment‚ such as learning theory and Bowlby’s theory. Outline and evaluate one or more explanations of attachment One explanation of attachment is Bowlby’s theory who described attachment as "lasting psychological connectedness between human beings" Bowlby believed that the earliest bonds formed by children with their caregivers have a tremendous impact that continues throughout life. According to Bowlby‚ attachment also serves to keep the infant close
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Outline and Evaluate research into privation AO1 Privation is when a child has the right to form an attachment to a primary care giver taken away from them; the option to make these crucial attachments isn’t there. If Bowlby’s theory is correct‚ then because of this inability to form attachments‚ infants should grow up struggling to form relationships and attachments to anyone else. AO1 P: Evidence looking at the effects of privation comes from the case of Genie. E: She was 13 years old
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‘Outline and evaluate different types of attachment’ Ainsworths ‘strange situation’ was developed as a tool to measure types of attachment in infants. The experiment was carried out in a purpose build playroom and children were observed with cameras. It consisted of several situations‚ standardised for all those who took part. Each condition involved variation of the presence of the mother and/or a stranger‚ over 3 minute intervals. During these different conditions‚ the child’s behaviour was monitored
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Outline and evaluate research into obedience (Milgram) Milgram carried out a series of studies to try to shed some light on the aspect of human behaviour. He studied a thousand participants who were representative of the general population. He discovered that under certain situational influences most of us would conform to what is needed to be done. His study of obedience was done in a lab in Yale University and the experimenter wore a long grey coat which reinforced his authority and status. Then
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Obedience is when an individual responds to an order from an authority figure. A key study that has looked into research is one carried out by Milgrams in 1963. The aim of the experiment was investigate whether ordinary people will obey a legitimate authority figure even when required to injure an innocent person. Milgrams recruited 40 male participants by advertising for volunteers to take part in his study. Each participant would be paid $4.50. The experiment consisted of one ‘real’ participant
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