There are four ways of defining abnormality: • Deviation from social norms • Failure to function adequately • Deviation from ideal mental health • Deviation from the statistical norm Deviation from social norms: Social norms are acceptable or expected patterns of behaviour. According to this definition‚ abnormality is deviation or violation of acceptable patterns of behaviour or social norms. For example it is not acceptable to say you hear voices in your head (schizophrenia). It is not a
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Outline and Evaluate Biological Explanation for Mental Illness The Biomedical model of Mental Illness states that metal illness is caused by either a physical problem with the brain‚ for example that some schizophrenic patients have parts of there hippocampus missing. Genetics‚ meaning that you inherit a genetic pre-disposition to depression or some other mental illness as someone in your close family had that mental illness‚ or down to neurotransmitter (serotonin‚ dopamine...) imbalances in
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Diagnosis & Classification Definitions of abnormality What is abnormality? How can if be measured if it can be measured? The term Abnormal is defined as deviating from what is normal or usual. So what is normal? The word ‘normal’ usually refers to conformity to standard or regular patterns of behaviour. The concept of abnormality is essentially a label applied to behaviour that does not conform. Statistical Infrequency. Key ideas for this definition: • A person’s thinking or
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Lorelle Hathaway Discuss one or more definition of abnormality. Abnormality is defined by society and the general public as to what differs from the normal standard fully functioning way of living. Each of us has unique behaviour that means we can stray easily from social norms but does that make us abnormal? The definition of Abnormality is a deviation from social norms which means that the individual’s behaviour is not similar to the general public which ultimately means that they cannot
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(a) Outline 2 attempts to define abnormality (6 marks) Statistical infrequency is an approach that attempts to define abnormality. It suggests that most human personality and behavioural traits fall within a normal distribution with most people crowding around the middle of the distribution (the norm). Any characteristic that is statistically rare according to this distribution is considered abnormal. A further attempt at defining abnormality is the deviation from ideal mental health approach.
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Describe and Evaluate one or more definitions of Abnormality One definition of Abnormality is deviation of Social Norms. Social norms are accepted ways of behaving within a society. They are the unwritten rules that members of a society regard as being normal and acceptable‚ and any deviation from them can be regarded as abnormal behaviour. Examples include ways of dressing‚ such as women wearing feminine clothing and men wearing masculine clothing‚ not appearing naked in public‚ saying ’please’
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Revision Notes- Abnormality Definition of abnormality * Failure to function adequately- An assessment of an individual whose disability prevents them from pursing normal goals and activities. Rosenhan and Seligman (89)-7 characteristics; Suffering- most abnormal individuals report that they are suffering Maladaptiveness- danger to self (usually occurs as a result of lacking relevant knowledge and skill) Vivid/unconventional behaviour- ways in which abnormal individuals tend to behave often
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Outline and evaluate the cognitive model of abnormality (12 marks) The cognitive model of abnormality suggests that the individual is the cause of the mental disorder because they are in control of their own thoughts. The cognitive model states that if our perceptions are wrong‚ then our emotions and behaviour may become distorted. According to Beck‚ there is a cycle which is thought to lead to depression. The components of the triangle are: negative thoughts about themselves‚ negative expectations
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Outline and evaluate the psychodynamic model of abnormality. (12 Marks) The psychodynamic model (which is based on Freud’s theories) states that abnormalities are results of a conflict which has gone wrong in the “psyche” (in the mind). Freud’s idea states that the psyche - which is made up of the (id‚ ego and superego)‚ should all work in perfect harmony with each other to avoid being an abnormal person. It is the idea that conscious thoughts and feelings are determined by the unconscious mind
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Outline and evaluate two models of abnormality (12 marks) The essence of a psychodynamic approach is to explain behaviour in terms of its dynamics – i.e. the forces that drive it. The best known example of this approach is Freud. Freud believed that the origins of mental disorder lie in the unresolved conflicts or childhoods which are unconscious. Medical illnesses are not the outcome of physical disorders but of these psychological conflicts. Conflicts between the id‚ ego‚ and superego create
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