greatly throughout the centuries. The most successful empires were able to expand and exert their dominance through tactics that had not been utilized in previous empires. While the Umayyad and Safavid empires were powerful‚ the Ottoman and Mongol Empires became two of the strongest empires in the Middle East and Central Asia due to their inclusion of minorities‚ powerful tactics‚ and expansion through military force and trade. The Ottoman Empire lasted for more than four centuries (1299-1922)‚ and
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At the head of the Ottoman Empire was the sultan‚ as they are called Islamic rulers who helped him viziers‚ ministers responsible for government tasks; While the rest of the population‚ a privileged group played government positions in the capital of the Empire one of its provinces‚ in the military or as a religious minister and others in various activities such as agriculture‚ livestock and trade. As cultural diversity Ottoman Empire (population up by pardons from different cultures‚ who speak several
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School System :) Education for all has been one of the grand causes of national progress. Less than a century ago comparatively few of the working folk could read. One of the reasons for the growth of popular education has been the spread of democratic ideas and of the application of industry to science. It began to dawn upon the people how profitable it would be for each inhabitant of a country to be able to communicate with or receive communications from others through ability to read and
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The greeks‚ between the eighteenth century and early nineteenth century‚ fought for independence from the Ottoman impire. In 1821‚ when the Greeks revolted against Ottoman turk rule‚ the Concert of Europe was hardly invoked at all. The cries for freedom from that home of ancient democracy excited liberals throughout Europe‚ and early demonstration of the power of nationalist movements that would be repeated throughout the century. By 1827‚ British and French fleets intervened to support the Greek’s
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The Ottoman Empire reached its top supremacy during the 16th century wherein its scope of power stretched to parts of Central and Southeastern Europe and to the desserts of the Middle East. The empire is known to have established a very strong‚ organized and effective form of government over its people with the Sultan holding the highest in power and was considered as the supreme ruler. The Sultan also ruled the lands and provinces of the empire and over its government officials and executed decisions
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19th century: period of growing consciousness‚ restlessness which promulgated the formation of two major movements Propaganda Movement (failed) Revolutionary Movement (replaces the PM) Leaders: Jose Rizal Marcelo H. Del Pilar Lopez Jaena Members: Pedro Paterno Ponce Panganiban Antonio Luna *They worked for the Philippines’ assimilation as a Spanish province and equal treatment of the Filipinos as for the Spaniards *Writings in this period cannot be called literature
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The Janissaries of the Ottoman/Turkish Empire The Janissaries was an elite corp. in the standing army of the Ottoman Empire from the late 14th century to 1826. Highly respected for their military prowess in the 15th and 16th centuries‚ the Janissaries became a powerful force to be reckoned with on the battlefield‚ and in government administrations. The janissaries were organized into three unequal divisions: the cemaat‚ bölükhalki‚ and segban. The Janissary corps was originally staffed by Christian
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Suleiman the First‚ was the 10th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire‚ who first came to a leadership position as a prince at the age of 17 as a governor. Suleiman was well known throughout Europe and the Ottoman empire as “Suleiman the Magnificent” as well as “Suleiman the Lawgiver” for all the accomplishments he achieved as sultan. In Ottoman Empire‚ all people are considered slaves beneath the sultan‚ not in a derogative way as one nowadays would think but in a cultural and religious aspect. Lybyer (1913)
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In 1915‚leaders of the Ottoman Empire(Young Turks) set up a plan to eliminate the Armenians living in the Ottoman Empire. Sources have stated that approximately 2 million Armenians were killed during the Armenian Genocide. The Armenian Genocide was just one of three genocides the ruthless Ottoman Empire caused.(the others being Assyrian Genocide and the Greek Genocide) The reason behind this genocide(this is the first ever genocide to called be called a genocide) is that the “Young Turks” strongly
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OTTOMAN EMPIRE: Devshirme: Every 2 years or so‚ young Christians were taken and trained and converted to Islam. They would either be janissaries (foot soldiers) but ones with “intellectual promise” went to work in the government. Many became powerful. Some were slaves? Because the enslavement of the Muslims was not allowed. The power was NOT hereditary (like the Chinese). So the sultan surrounded himself with people who did not have families. Millet System: Each religion had their own leader -Kept
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