Enron Questionable Transactions Question 1 The question which segment of its operations got Enron into difficulties is simple to answer‚ everything. Almost every all segments of their operation were improper. First of all‚ they practice unethical and dishonest practices which victimized workers‚ consumers‚ taxpayers and stockholders. Enron created partnerships within their own organization which led to them creating new financial instruments‚ called SPE’s (special purpose entities) which was
Premium Enron
Runninghead: UNIT 3 – COMMERCIAL TRANSACTIONS (CONTRACTS) Victor McLaurin 28 February 2010 Abstract This week’s individual project will be in the form of an executive summary. The summary will be based on a series of questions concerning 1) the city of Bigtown’s advertising campaign (courtesy of the mayor)‚ 2) possible similarities of this promotion to a court decision and 3) possible repercussions that could be encountered if not executed with caution. The court decision concerning
Premium Contract Advertising
Computer Risks and Exposures Computers of all kinds within an organisation are constantly faced with a variety of risks and exposures. It is helpful if we first define these terms: • Computer risk Probability that an undesirable event could turn into a loss • Computer exposure Results from a threat from an undesirable event that has the potential to become a risk • Vulnerability A flaw or weakness in the system that can turn into a threat or a risk The total impact of computer risks range
Premium Internal control Auditing Risk
Transaction cost theory states that the goal of an organization is to minimize the costs of exchanging resources in the environment and the costs of managing exchanges inside the organization. Transaction costs are defined as the costs of negotiating‚ monitoring‚ and governing exchanges between people Transaction costs result from a combination of human and environmental factors Transaction costs result from a combination of human and environmental factors: Opportunism
Premium Cost Transaction cost Costs
Chapter 15 Audit Sampling for Tests of Controls and Substantive Tests of Transactions ← Review Questions 15-1 A representative sample is one in which the characteristics of interest for the sample are approximately the same as for the population (that is‚ the sample accurately represents the total population). If the population contains significant misstatements‚ but the sample is practically free of misstatements‚ the sample is nonrepresentative‚ which is likely to result in
Free Sampling Sample size
Enron’s Questionable Transactions 1. The special purpose entities (SPEs) got Enron into trouble. 2. It is debatable whether Enron’s directors knew how profits were being made through the SPEs. Speculation is that they did have knowledge‚ but did not question the questionable procedures. Evidence that indicates the directors knew how profits were being made includes the following: • Andrew Fastow’s role in establishing the SPEs and falsely creating 3% independent investors in
Premium Enron Enron scandal
Hedging Strategies using Futures Introduction to Hedging Hedging refers to reducing risk. Let us take a simple example to understand hedging. A farmer expects to produce ‘X’ quantity of a commodity by the end of the cropping season say‚ October. He has to invest a certain amount of money today from his savings or maybe take a loan in expectation of returns he will get in October. But‚ he cannot accurately predict the prices he will get for his produce. A dip in prices could result in a loss. To deal
Premium Futures contract Forward contract Derivative
Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1: Introduction to Company: Transaction Processing Systems (TPS) is a software‚ systems‚ and consulting firm specializing in e-banking and e-payment products‚ solutions‚ and services. TPS is e-banking and e-payments solution experts. IT solutions have become increasingly complex and expensive. Too often‚ businesses end up working to support their IT‚ instead of the other way around. TPS has thrived by observing a single mandate: “Take care of our client’s
Premium Transaction processing Human resource management
debit card number to complete the transaction. Payment Methods Typically‚ you must use either a credit or debit card to purchase items online. There are exceptions to this. There are sites that will accept checks‚ money orders or electronic wallets‚ such as PayPal. When you pay with a credit or debit card‚ note that the information you provide must match the information that the issuing bank has on file. If it does not‚ the bank will not approve the transaction. This safeguard exists to prevent
Premium Electronic commerce
IntroductionThis report is to check the hedging strategy that was used and lead to the huge loss of CITIC Pacific Limited and point out the importance of managing foreign exchange exposure through select appropriate hedging strategies. The huge loss of CITIC Pacific Limited and its cause is discussed in the first part. The importance of hedging and the tools of hedging are respectively reviewed in part two and part three. Finally‚ suggestions are given out on how to design proper hedging strategies for different
Premium Futures contract Foreign exchange market Derivative