Present value is where the value on a set date of a future payment is discounted to reflect the time value of money and other factors. This can also apply to a series of future payments. Present value calculations are commonly utilized in business and economics to provide a way to compare cash flows at different times. Present value can be described as the current worth of a future sum of money or stream of cash flows given a specified rate of return. (http://www.getobjects.com) Future cash flows
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. To find the PVA‚ we use the equation: PVA = C({1 – [1/(1 + r)]t } / r ) PVA = $60‚000{[1 – (1/1.0825)9 ] / .0825} PVA = $370‚947.84 The present value of the revenue is greater than the cost‚ so your company can afford the equipment. 7. Here we need to find the FVA. The equation to find the FVA is: FVA = C{[(1 + r)t – 1] / r} FVA for 20 years = $3‚000[(1.08520 – 1) / .085] FVA for 20 years = $145‚131.04 FVA for 40 years = $3‚000[(1.08540 – 1) / .085] FVA for 40
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Book value: The book value of ordinary share is the net worth of a corporation less the par value of preference shares outstanding divided by the number of ordinary shares outstanding. Suppose the net worth of a company contains the following information viz; Preference shares (Rs. 100 per share): 1000000.00 Ordinary share (Rs.5 per share): 1500000.00 Share premium:
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What is organizational culture? * Organizational culture- The system of shared actions‚ values‚ and beliefs that develops within an organization and guides the behavior of its members * External adaptation- Involves reaching goals and dealing with outsiders regarding tasks to be accomplished; methods used to achieve the goals; methods of coping with success and failure. * Important aspects of external adaptation * Separating eternal forces based on importance * Developing
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In what way organizational culture is applied to shape values of workers associated to work performance without acceptable regards for legal and ethical consequences will be covered in this paper. Firstly‚ according to Dumitru Constantinescu‚ organizational culture is a “system of common rules‚ beliefs‚ values and expectations that bind together an organization’s employees‚ creating shared meanings among them” (Constantinescu‚ 2008). It is the norms‚ habits and customs that characterize the organization’s
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Organizational Culture Essay Organizational culture is a complex concept including many different meanings. In this essay‚ the definition of organizational culture is described as "a set of shared values and norms that controls organization members "interaction with each other‚ and with suppliers‚customers and others outside the organization‚ given by Gareth Jones. According to Morgan ’s theory‚ metaphor is a method to explain a phenomenon or create meaning by using one element of experience to
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ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE – HOFSTEDE MODEL AND SCHEIN MODEL This essay/assignment is a solution paper on Organizational Culture. It reviews the Hofstede Model and Schein Model as well as tries to understand the the dynamics which influences the occupational cultures. This is a sample paper. The definition of culture remains quite ambiguous with researchers assessing it utilising different methodologies. The common understanding of culture is a way of doing things‚ or the norm by which a society organizes
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situation after a hand injury. My gratitude towards the IHM-A Information Technology team for providing me with the internet and facilitating my research. Aim of the report: The report will be formulated on the basis of two topics‚ Organizational Culture and Conflict. In the report the author intends to bring out the meaning‚ reasoning and depth of the above chosen topics by means of case studies and incidents which take place or have taken place in organizations. Such a method would
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There is no single definition for organizational culture. The topic has been studied from a variety of perspectives ranging from disciplines such as anthropology and sociology‚ to the applied disciplines of organizational behaviour‚ management science‚ and organizational communication. Some of the definitions are listed below: A set of common understandings around which action is organized; finding expression in language whose nuances are peculiar to the group (Becker and Geer 1960). A set of understandings
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personal‚ organizational‚ and cultural values affect decision making in my personal and professional life. My cultural‚ organizational and personal values represent my beliefs and traditions of my cultural environment. Through my research‚ I examined values and based them on how important they are within my personal‚ organizational‚ work‚ and cultural lifestyle. Based on the research‚ I came to the conclusion knowing the foundational elements of individual behavior can be very rewarding. Values do not
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